AMOS BRESKIN - March 24th, 2004



INDEX

A. Refereed Scientific Articles
    1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, new
B. Review Articles
C. Articles accepted for publication (in press)
D. Articles submitted for publication
E. Non-refereed conference articles
F. Conference abstracts
G. Major Reports and proposals
H. Patents



A. Refereed Scientific Articles




  1. G. Charpak, A. Breskin and F. Piuz.
    Some properties of stacks of discharge chambers with infinitely transparent electrodes. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 100, 157 (1972).

  2. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and K. Geissler.
    Some progress in projection chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 107, 361 (1973).

  3. A. Breskin and G. Charpak.
    A glass track chamber. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 108, 427 (1973).

  4. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, B. Gabioud, F. Sauli, N. Trautner, W. Duinker and G. Schultz.
    Further results on the operation of high accuracy drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 119, 9 (1974).

  5. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, F. Sauli and J.C. Santiard.
    Two dimensional drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 119, 1 (1974).

  6. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and F. Sauli.
    Low pressure drift chambers for heavily ionizing particles. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 119, 7 (1974).

  7. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, F. Sauli, M. Atkinson and G. Schultz.
    Recent observations and measurements with high accuracy drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 124, 189 (1975).

  8. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and F. Sauli.
    High accuracy bi-dimensional drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 125, 321 (1975).

  9. A. Breskin and N. Trautner.
    Properties of low pressure drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 134, 35 (1976).

  10. K. Geissler, A. Scharding and A. Breskin.
    High density multi-gap projection chamber, a target detector for high energy particles. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 135, 415 (1976).

  11. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and F. Sauli.
    The use of rise-time information in drift or proportional chambers for neutral radiation localization. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 136, 497 (1976).

  12. M. Birk, A. Breskin and N. Trautner.
    A simple efficient method of delay-line termination and timing-signals extraction in position-sensitive proportional counters. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 137, 393 (1976).

  13. A. Breskin.
    A subnanosecond low pressure MWPC for heavily ionizing particles. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 141, 505 (1977).

  14. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, C. Demierre, S. Majewski, A. Policarpo, F. Sauli and J.C. Santiard.
    High accuracy bi-dimensional read-out of MWPC with short resolution times. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 143, 29 (1977).

  15. A. Breskin and N. Zwang.
    Timing properties of parallel plate avalanche counters with light particles. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 144, 609 (1977).

  16. A. Breskin and N. Zwang.
    A simple and accurate method for bidimensional position read-out of parallel plate avalanche counters. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 146, 461 (1977).

  17. A. Breskin, I. Tserruya and N. Zwang.
    A fast bidimensional, position-sensitive detection system for heavy ions. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 148, 275 (1978).

  18. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and F. Sauli.
    A solution to the right-left ambiguity in drift chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 151, 473 (1978).

  19. A. Breskin, A. Faibis, G. Goldring, M. Hass, R. Kaim, Z. Vager and N. Zwang.
    Charge state dependence of the Coulomb explosion of 10 MeV OH+. Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 369 (1979).

  20. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, S. Majewski, G. Melchart, G. Petersen and F. Sauli.
    The multi-step avalanche chamber, a new concept in fast high rate particle detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 161, 19 (1979).

  21. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and N. Zwang.
    Heavy ion timing with very low pressure MWPC's. Nucl Instrum. Methods 165, 125 (1979).

  22. A. Breskin, A. Faibis, G. Goldring, M. Hass, R. Kaim, Z. Vager and N. Zwang.
    Coulomb explosion of 11.2 MeV OH+ in carbon foils Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 170, 93 (1980).

  23. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, S. Majewski, G. Melchart, A. Peisert, F. Sauli, F. Mathy and G. Petersen.
    High flux operation of the gated multistep avalanche chamber, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 178, 11 (1980).

  24. I. Tserruya, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, S. Wald, N. Zwang, R. Bock, M. Dakowski, A. Gobbi, H. Sann, R. Bass, G. Kreyling, R. Renfordt, K. Stelzer and U. Arlt.
    Nonequilibrium neutron emission in deep-inelastic collisions of 86Kr on 166Er at 1.02 GeV. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 16 (1981).

  25. G. Charpak, R. Bouclier, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Electrostatic imaging of particle trajectories. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 192, 235 (1982).

  26. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and J.C. Santiard.
    A multistep parallax-free X-ray imaging counter. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 195, 469 (1982).

  27. I. Tserruya, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, S. Wald, N. Zwang, R. Bock, M. Dakowski, A. Gobbi, H. Sann, R. Bass, G. Kreyling, R. Renfordt, K. Stelzer and U. Arlt.
    Preequilibrium neutron emission in deep inelastic collisions of 86Kr on 166Er at 11.9 MeV/nucleon. Phys. Rev. C26, 2509 (1982).

  28. A. Breskin, G. Charpak and S. Majewski.
    On the low pressure operation of multistep avalanche chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 220 349 (1984).

  29. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, P. Jacobs, I. Tserruya and N. Zwang.
    A low-pressure multistep detector for low energy heavy ions. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 221, 363 (1984).

  30. D. Anderson, H. K. Arvela, A. Breskin and G. Charpak.
    A simple Vernier method for improving the accuracy of coordinate read-out in large wire chambers. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 224, 315 (1984).

  31. A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    High accuracy imaging of single photoelectrons by low-pressure multistep avalanche chamber coupled to a solid photocathode. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 227, 24 (1984).

  32. A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Low-pressure multistep detectors - applications to high energy particle identification. Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res. A252, 488 (1986).

  33. R. Chechik and A. Breskin.
    On the properties of low-pressure, TMAE-filled, multistep UV-photon detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A264, 251 (1988).

  34. HELIOS Collaboration: T. Akesson et al., including A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, I. Tserruya and I. Blewis.
    The transverse energy distributions in 16O-nucleus collisions at 60 and 200 GeV/nucleon. Z. Phys. C38, (1988) 383.

  35. A. Drees, P. Fischer, P. Glässel, G. Lamade, H. Ries, E. Schmoetten, H.J. Specht, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel and I. Tserruya.
    A ring imaging Cerenkov counter with low-pressure two-step UV-detector. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A273 (1988) 793.

  36. G. Charpak, W. Dominik, J.P. Fabre, J. Gandaen, V. Peskov, F. Sauli, M. Suzuki, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and D. Sauvage:
    Some applications of the imaging proportional chamber. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci, NS-35 (1988) 483.

  37. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, D. Sauvage, V. Steiner, I. Tserruya, G. Charpak, W. Dominik, J.P. Fabre, J. Gaudean, F. Sauli, M. Suzuki.
    P. Fischer, P. Glässel, H. Ries, and H.J.Specht,
    A highly efficient low-pressure UV-RICH detector with optical avalanche recording. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A273, 798 (1988).

  38. P. Fischer, A. Drees, G. Glässel, G. Lamade, H. Ries,. A. Schön, H. Specht, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, D. Sauvage, V. Steiner, I. Tserruya and R. Horisberger.
    Pad readout for gas detectors using 128-channel integrated preamplifiers. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-35, 432 (1988).

  39. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Drees, P. Fischer, Z. Fraenkel, P. Glässel, G. Lamade, H. Ries, D.Sauvage, A. Schön, E. Schmötten, H.J. Specht, V. Steiner and I. Tserruya.
    In beam performance of a low-pressure UV-RICH detector. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-35, 404 (1988).

  40. HELIOS collaboration: T. Akesson et al. including A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, I. Tserruya and I. Blevis
    Transverse energy distribution in 16O-nucleus collisions. Presented at the Quark Matter Conf., Nordkirchen, Germany August 1987. Z. Phys. C38, 15 (1988).

  41. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Malamud, and D. Sauvage
    Primary ionization cluster counting with low-pressure multistep detectors
    Invited talk at the IEEE NS Symposium Orlando, Fl. Nov., 1988. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-36, 316 (1989).

  42. D. Sauvage, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    A systematic study of the emission of the light from electron avalanches in low-pressure TEA and TMAE gas mixtures. Nucl. Instrum. Methods, A275, 351 (1989).

  43. M. Brugger, K. Lutzenkirchen, S. Polikanov, G. Hermann, M. Overbeck, N. Trautman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, and U. Smilansky.
    Search for strange matter by Rutherford backscattering. Nature 337, 434-436 (1989).

  44. P. Fonte, A. Breskin, G. Charpak, W. Dominik and F. Sauli,
    First beam tests of an imaging high density projection chamber. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A283, 658 (1989).

  45. P. Astier, A. Breskin, G. Charpak, W. Dominik, P. Fonte, J. Gaudaen, Y. Giomataris, A. Gougas, V. Peskov, F. Sauli, N. Solomey, and N. Zaganidis,
    Development and applications of the imaging chamber.
    Invited talk at the IEEE NS Symposium, Orlando Fl., Nov., 1988.
    IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-36, 300 (1989).

  46. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and D. Sauvage
    A 3-stage gated UV-photon optical imaging gaseous detector, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A286, 251 (1990).

  47. M. Overbeck, A. Breskin, M. Brugger, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, G. Hermann, K. Lutzehkirchen, S. Polikanov, N. Trautmann and Th. Wilpert
    A heavy-ion identification system for the detection of rare events, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A288, 413 (1990).

  48. Z. Fraenkel, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, S. Wald, R. Abegg, H.W. Fielding, P. Kitching, S.T. Lam, G.C. Neilson, W.C. Olsen and J. Uegaki.
    Measurement of the neutrons emitted in the proton-induced fission of 209Bi and 238U at 475 MeV. Phys. Rev. C41, (1990) 1050.

  49. D. Vartsky, A. Breskin, M.B. Goldberg, G. Engler, A. Goldschmidt, R. Morgado, C. Hollas,
    The total width of the 9.17 MeV level in 14N. Nucl. Phys. A505, (1989) 328.

  50. V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and H. Schmidt-Bö;cking.
    A gas filled UV-photon detector with CsI photocathode for the detection of Xe light. Nucl. Instrum. Methods. A289 (1990) 322.

  51. D. Vartsky, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, M.B. Goldberg and G. Malamud.
    Sub-keV X-ray detection with a low-pressure multistep detector. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A301, (1991) 96.

  52. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, S. Majewski, G. Malamud, A. Pansky and D. Vartsky,
    New approaches to Spectroscopy and imaging of ultrasoft-to-hard X-rays. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A310 (1991) 57.

  53. S. Polikanov, C.S. Sastri, G. Hermann, K. Lutzenkirchen, M. Overbeck, N. Trautmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and Z. Fraenkel.
    Search for Supermassive Nuclei in Nature. Zeit. Phys. A338, 357 (1991).

  54. G. Malamud, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    A systematic study of primary ionization cluster counting at low gas pressures. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A307, 83 (1991).

  55. V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and H. Schmidt-Böcking.
    Progress in Ultrafast CsI-Photocathode Gaseous Imaging Photomultipliers. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A308 (1991) 519.

  56. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, G. Malamud, A.S. Gordon, A. Pansky and D. Vartsky.
    Progress in CsI-wire chamber imaging photomultipliers and single electron counters. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-38, 158 (1991).

  57. A. Akkermann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Elkind, I. Frumkin and S. Majewski.
    Ultrafast secondary emission X-ray imaging detectors; a possible application to TRD, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A315 (1992) 82.

  58. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, A. Akkerman, A. Gibrekhterman, I. Frumkin, H. Aclander and V. Elkind.
    Towards Fast Transition Radiation Imaging Detectors with CsI Convertors. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-39 (1992) 728.

  59. A. Pansky, G. Malamud, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Applications of Gaseous Electron Counting Detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A323, 294 (1992).

  60. W. Chen, H. Kraner, Z. Li, P. Rehak, G. Bertuccio, E. Gatti, A. Longoni, M. Sampietro, P. Holl, J. Kemmer, U. Faschingbauer, F. Hess, C. Jacob, A. Wörner, J.P. Wurm, R. Baur, A. Drees, P. Fischer, P. Glässel, T.F. Günzel, D. Irmscher, L. Olsen, A. Pfeiffer, B. Schmidt, A. Schoen, H.J. Specht, Th. Ullrich, S. Tapprogge, N. Wermes, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, C. de los Heros, V. Steiner, and I. Tserruya
    Performance of the multianode cylindrical silicon drift detector in the CERES NA45 experiment: first results, Nucl. Instrum and Meth. A326, (1993) 273-278.

  61. A. Akkerman, A. Gibrekhterman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Monte Carlo Simulations of Secondary Electron Emission from CsI, induced by 1-10 keV X-rays and electrons. Journal of Applied Physics, 72, 5429 (1992).

  62. I. Frumkin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Notea.
    Properties of CsI-based gaseous secondary emission X-ray imaging detectors, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A329 (1993) 337.

  63. H. Brauning, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, P. Miné and D. Vartsky.
    Investigation of CsI and CsI-TMAE VUV-photocathodes in vacuum and gas media. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A327 (1993) 369.

  64. A. Pansky, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and G. Malamud
    Detection of X-ray fluorescence of light elements by electron counting in a low-pressure gaseous electron multiplier. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A330 (1993) 150.

  65. G. Malamud, P. Miné, D. Vartsky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Quantum efficiency and radiation resistance of bulk and porous CsI photocathodes in vacuum and methane. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A335 (1993) 136.

  66. G. Malamud, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Pansky.
    Specific primary ionization in gases, induced by minimum ionizing electrons in CH4, C2H6, C3H8, i-C4H10, Ar, DME, TEA and TMAE. Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993) 3645.

  67. A. Gibrekhterman, A. Akkerman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik
    Characteristics of secondary electron emission from CsI, induced by X-rays, with energies up to 100 keV. Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993) 7506.

  68. G. Malamud, P. Mine, D. Vartsky, E. Equer, A. Breskin and R. Chechik
    The photoyield of CsI, amorphous silicon and organometallic reflective photocathode materials. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A343 (1994) 121.

  69. R. Baur, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Drees, U. Faschingbauer, P. Fischer, Z. Fraenkel, J. Gläb, P. Glässel, C.P. de los Heros, D. Irmscher, R. Männer, A. Pfeiffer, A. Schön, Ch. Schwick, A. Shor, H.J. Specht, V. Steiner, S. Tapprogge, G. Tel-Zur, I. Tserruya, Th. Ullrich, J.P. Wurm.
    The CERES RICH detector system. Nuclear Instrum. and Meth. A343 (1994) 87.

  70. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, H. Aclander and E. Comforti,
    Secondary electron emission for thin CsI films induced by relativistic electrons Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A343 (1994) 458.

  71. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Vartsky, G. Malamud and P. Miné.
    A correction to the quantum efficiency of CsI and other photocathodes due to the recalibration of the reference photomultipliers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A343 (1994) 159.

  72. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, D. Vartsky, G. Malamud and P. Miné.
    Electric field effects on the quantum efficiency of CsI photocathodes in gas media. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. in A344, (1994) 537.

  73. P. Colautti, G. Talpo, G. Tornielli, A. Akkerman and A. Breskin
    Measurements of ionization distribution around a particle track at a nanometer level. Rad. Prot. Desimetry 52, Nos. 1-4 (1994) 329.

  74. R. Baur, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Drees, U. Faschingbauer, P. Fischer, Z. Fraenkel, P. Glässel, C.P. de los Heros, D. Irmscher, J. Kemmer, H. Klein, A. Longoni, R. Männer, H. Nägele, K.H. Noffz, L.H. Olsen, A. Pfeiffer, I. Ravinovich, P. Rehak, B. Schmitt, A. Schön, J. Schukraft, Ch. Schwick, A. Shor, H.J. Specht, V. Steiner, S. Tapprogge, G. Tel-Zur, I. Tserruya, Th. Ullrich, N. Wermes, A. Wörner, J.P. Wurm.
    First results of the CERES electron pair spectrometer from p+Be, p+Au and S+Au collisions. Nucl. Phys. A566, (1994) 87c.

  75. A. Breskin, E. Shefer, R. Chechik and A. Pansky,
    On the two-stage operation mechanism of low-pressure microstrip gas chambers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A345, (1994) 205.

  76. I. Frumkin, A. Notea, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Development of advanced gaseous detectors for fast real-time radiography. Rev. of Prog. in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 13A (1994) 563.

  77. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Akkerman, A. Gibrekhterman, V. Elkind, I. Frumkin and A. Notea.
    Recent developments in secondary emission gaseous X-ray imaging detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Physics Research A348 (1994) 207.

  78. H. Bräuning, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, A. Demian, H. Schmidt-Böcking and K. Ullmann.
    A three dimentional position sensitive gas scintillation counter.
    Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Physics Research A348 (1994) 223.

  79. G. Malamud, P. Miné, D. Vartsky, B. Equer, P. Besson, F. Bourgeois, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Measurement of the quantum eficiency of CsI, amorphous silicon and organometallic reflective photocathodes.
    Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Physics Research A348 (1994) 275.

  80. A. Gibrekhterman, A. Akkerman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    The spatial characteristics of electron - and photon - induced secondary electron cascades in CsI. J. of Appl. Phys. 76 (1994) 1676.

  81. A. Akkerman, T. Boutboul, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Gibrekhterman,
    Low-energy electron transport in Alkali Halides. J. of Appl. Phys. 76 (1994) 4656.

  82. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and D. Vartsky,
    Field enhanced response of a CsI photocathode to BaF2 and KMgF3scintillation. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res. A350 (1994) 406.

  83. V. Dangendorf, A. Demian, H.Friedrich, V. Wagner, A. Akkerman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Gibrekhterman,
    Thermal neutron imaging detectors combining novel composite foil convertors and gaseous electron multipliers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A350 (1994) 503.

  84. A. Frumkin, A. Notea, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, L. Levinson, B. Weingarten and V. Popov.
    Characteristics of a novel X-ray detector for real-time radiographic imaging. NDT E International 27, (1994) 317.

  85. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Gibrekhterman, I. Frumkin, L. Levinson, A. Notea and B. Weingarten.
    Secondary emission gaseous detectors and their application to fast X-ray imaging. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A353, (1994) 302.

  86. A. Pansky, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, V. Elkind and J. Vavra,
    The scintillation of CF4 and its relevance to detection science. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A354, (1995) 262.

  87. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Field enhancement of the photoelectric and secondary electron emission from CsI. J. Appl. Phys. 77 (1995) 2138.

  88. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Gibrekhterman, A. Akkerman, V. Dangendorf and A. Demian,
    Large area high resolution thermal neutron imaging detectors in Neutrons and their Applications (ed. G. Vourvopoulos and Th. Paradellis), SPIE Proc. Series Vol. 2339 1995, p.281.

  89. R. Baur, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Drees, U. Faschingbauer, P. Fischer, Z. Fraenkel, Ch. Fuchs, E. Gatti, J. Gläb, P. Glässel, T.F. Günzel, C.P. De los Heros, F. Heb, D. Irmscher, C. Jacob, R. Männer, H. Nägele, K.H. Noffz, L.H. Olsen, A. Pfeiffer, I. Ravinovich, P. Rehak, M. Sampietro, B. Schmitt, A. Schön, J. Schukraft, C. Schwick, A. Shor, H.J. Specht, V. Steiner, S. Tapprogge, G. Tel-Zur, I. Tserruya, T. Ullrich, N. Wermes, A. Wörner, J.P. Wurm,
    Measurement of electromagnetically produced e+e--pairs in distant S-Pt collisions, Phys. Lett. B332 (1994) 471.

  90. Ph. Miné, G. Vasileiadis, G. Malamud, D. Vartsky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Incident angle effect on the quantum efficiency of CsI photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A360 (1995) 430.

  91. H. Berger et.al. (including A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov and R. Chechik from the Weizmann Institute)
    Recent results on the properties of CsI photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth A360 (1995) 411.

  92. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, P. Colautti, V. Conte, A. Pansky, S. Schchemelinin, G. Talpo and G. Tornielli,
    A single-electron counter for nanodosimetry. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 61 (1995) 199.

  93. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov and R. Chechik,
    New ideas in CsI-based photon detectors; wire photomultipliers and protection of the photocathodes. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS42 (1995) 298.

  94. G. Agakichiev et al., (with A. Breskin),
    Enhanced Production of Low-Mass Electron Pairs in 200 GeV/Nucleon S-Au Collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1272.

  95. R. Chechik, A. Breskin and A. Gibrekhterman,
    A proposal for a hadron-blind fast TRD based on secondary electron emission. Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Supp.) 44 (1995) 364.

  96. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, A. Di Mauro, E. Nappi, G. Paic and F. Piuz,
    Field-dependent photoelectron extraction from CsI in different gases. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A367, (1995) 342.

  97. J. Almeida, A. Braem, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, S. Cohen, C. Coluzza, E. Conforto, G. Margaritondo, E. Nappi, G. Paic, F. Piuz, T. Dell'Orto, T. Scognetti, S. Sgobba and B.P. Tonner,
    Microanalysis surface studies and photoemission properties of CsI photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A367 (1995) 337.

  98. J. Almeida, A. Amadon, P. Besson, P. Bourgeois, A. Buzulutskov, A. Braem, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, C. Coluzza, J. Friese, J. Homolka, A. Di Mauro, A. Ljubicic Jr., G. Margaritondo, Ph. Miné, E. Nappi, T. Dell'Orto, G. Paic, F. Piuz, F. Posa, J.C. Santiard, S. Sgobba, G. Vasileiadis, T.D. Williams,
    Review of the development of Cesium Iodide photocathodes for application to large RICH detectors. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A367 (1995) 332.

  99. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Heat enhancement of the photoyield from CsI, NaI and CuI photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A366, (1995) 410.

  100. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, R. Chehik and J. Va'vra,
    Study of photocathode protection with thin dielectric films. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A371 (1996) 147.

  101. A. Di Mauro, E. Nappi, F. Posa, A. Brekin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, S.F. Biagi, G. Paic and F. Piuz,
    Photoelectron backscattering effects in photoemission from CsI into gas media. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A371 (1996) 137.

  102. S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Pansky, P. Colautti, V. Conte, L. De Nardo and G. Tornielli,
    Ionization measurements in small gas samples by single ion counting. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A368 (1996) 859.

  103. G. Malamud, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    A study of relativistic charged particle indentification by primary cluster counting in low-pressure gaseous detectors. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A372 (1996) 19.

  104. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Photoemission from CsI/LiF and CsI/NaF films, enhanced by exposure to humid air. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A372 (1996) 572.

  105. T. Boutboul, A. Akkerman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Electron inelastic mean free path and stopping power in alkali halides, in the 50 eV-10 keV energy range. J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 6714.

  106. A. Pansky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    A new technique for studying the Fano Factor and the mean ionization energy in counting gases, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 8892.

  107. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, M. Prager and E. Shefer,
    Evidence for thin-film protection of visible photocathodes. Appl. Phys. Lett.,69, (1996) 1008.

  108. G. Agakichiev et al., (the CERES collaboration incoluding A. Breskin). New results from NA45/CERES, Nucl. Phys. A590 (1995) 103C.

  109. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, I. Frumkin, A. Gabriel and M. Kocsis,
    Real-time secondary electron emission detector for high rate X-ray crystallography. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-43 (1996) 1248.

  110. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and I. Frumkin,
    On the atmospheric pressure operation of secondary emission gaseous X-ray imaging detectors. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A380 (1996) 562.

  111. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Photoemission through thin dielectric coating films. J. Appl. Phys., 81 (1997) 466.

  112. A. Akkerman, T. Boutboul, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Gibrekhterman and Y. Lifshitz,
    Inelastic electron interactions in the energy range 50 eV-10 keV in insulators alkali halides and metal oxides. Phys. Stat. Solidi. (b) 198 (1996) 769.

  113. R. Baur et al., (the CERES collaboration including A. Breskin).
    Search for direct photons from S-Au collisions at 200 GeV/u; Z. Phys. C71 (1996) 571.

  114. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, M. Prager and E. Shefer,
    Protection of cesium-antimony photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A387 (1997) 176.

  115. J. Vavra, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik and E. Shefer,
    Study of CsI photocathodes: volume resistivity and aging. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A387 (1997) 154.

  116. U. Titt, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, B. Grosswendt and H. Schumacher,
    Concept of a neutron dosimeter based on a recoil-particle track chamber. Rad. Prot. Dos. 70 (1997) 219.

  117. A. Pansky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Sub-keV X-ray spectroscopy using a low-presure electron counting detector. X-ray spectrometry, 26 (1997) 176.

  118. Y. Lifshitz, G.D. Lempert, E. Grossman, H.J. Scheibe, S. Voellmar, B. Schultrich, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, D. Bacon, R. Kalish and A. Hoffman,
    Optical and photoemission studies of DLC films prepared with a systematic variation of the sp3:sp2 composition. Diamond and related materials 6 (1997) 687.

  119. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, D. Bacon, Y. Avigal, R. Kalish and Y. Lifshitz,
    Absolute photoyield from CVD diamond and DLC films in the UV. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70 (1997) 3446.

  120. A. Pansky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    The Fano factor and the mean energy per ion-pair in counting gases at low X-ray energies. J. Appl. Phys. 82 (1997) 871.

  121. A. Pansky, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Garty, E. Klein,
    Application of the electron-counting method to low-Z elemental analysis. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A392 (1997) 465.

  122. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Garty, A. Pansky E. Shefer and S.F. Biagi,
    On the high gain operation of low-pressure microdot gas avalanche chambers, Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A394 (1997) 21.

  123. S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Pansky,
    A nanodosimeter based on single ion counting. In ``Microdimetry, an interdisciplinary approach", editors: D.T. Goodhead, P.O'Neilland, H.G. Menzel. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, 1997 p.375.

  124. J.M.L. Martin, A. Warshawsky, A. Breskin and R. Chechik
    Designing low-ionization potential analogs of tetrakis-dimethylamino-ethylene (TMAE) using density functional calculations. Chem. Phys. Lett. 279 (1997) 389.

  125. A. Buzulutskov, E. Shefer, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and M. Prager,
    The protection of K2CsSb photocathodes with CsBr films. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A400 (1997) 173.

  126. A. Brauning-Demian, H. Schmidt-Böcking, V. Dangendorf, H. Friedrich, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Gibrekhterman.
    Detection efficiency study of an imaging detector for low energy neutrons. In: Neutrons in Research and Industry (Ed. G. Vourvopoulos) SPIE 2867 (1997) 562.

  127. D. Lazic, N. Lupu, A. Mincer, Y. Rozen, S. Tarem, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Lellouch, G. Malamud, G. Mikenberg, K. Nagai, A. Pansky and M. Shoa,
    Drift velocity in n-pentane mixtures and its influence on the timing properties of Thin Gap Chambers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A410, (1998) 159.

  128. E. Shefer, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, M. Klin, M. Prager,
    Laboratory production of efficient alkali-antimonide photocathodes, Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A411, (1998) 383.

  129. T. Boutboul, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Braem and G. Lion,
    UV photo-absorption measurements in alkali iodide and CsBr evaporated films, J. Appl. Phys. 83 (1998) 7896.

  130. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, E. Shefer, R. Chechik and M. Prager,
    Removable organic protective coating from alkali-antimonide photocathodes. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 413 (1998) 275.

  131. T. Boutboul, A. Akkerman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Escape length of UV-induced photoelectrons in alkali iodide and CsBr evaporated films. J. Appl. Phys.84 (1998) 2890.

  132. E. Shefer, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik and M. Prager,
    Composite photocathodes for visible photon imaging with gaseous photomultipliers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 419 (1998) 612.

  133. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, G. Garty, J. Mattout, F. Sauli and E.Shefer,
    First results on the GEM operated at low gas pressures, Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 419 (1988) 423.

  134. A. Laikhtman, Y. Avigal, R. Kalish, A. Hoffman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Shefer and Y. Lifshitz,
    Absolute quantum photofield of diamond thin films: dependences on surface preparation and stability under ambient conditions. Appl. Phys. Lett.73 (1998) 1433.

  135. U. Titt, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, H. Schmidt-Böcking, and H. Schumacher,
    A time projection chamber with optical readout for charged particle track structure imaging. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A 416 (1998) 85.

  136. S. Schemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, P. Colautti and R. Schulte,
    First ionization cluster measurements on the DNA scale in a wall-less sensitive volume, Radiat. Prot. Dosim, 82 (1999) 43.

  137. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, E. Shefer, A. Chechik and M. Prager,
    Organic protective coatings for alkali-antimonide photocathodes. In ``New Detectors" (ed. C. Williams and T. Ypsilantis) World Scientific Publishing (1999), p.195.

  138. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, G. Garty and E. Shefer,
    Prospects with gaseous imaging detectors for UV and visible photons. In ``New Detectors" (ed. C. Williams and T. Ypsilantis) World Scientific Publishing (1999), p.203.

  139. A. Laikhtman, Y. Avigal, R. Kalish, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, Y. Lifshitz and A. Hoffman,
    Surface quality and composition dependence of absolute quantum photoyield of CVD diamond films. Diamonds and related materials, 8 (1999) 725.

  140. G. Garty, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and E. Shefer,
    Single photoelectron detector with a low-pressure GEM, coupled to a CsI photocathode. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A433 (1999) 476. PDF

  141. E. Shefer, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Buzulutskov, B.K. Singh and M. Prager,
    Coated photocathodes for visible photon imaging with gaseous photomultipliers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A433 (1999) 502. PDF

  142. T. Boutboul, A. Akkerman, A. Gibrekhterman, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    An improved model for UV- and X-ray-induced electron emission from CsI. J. Appl. Phys. 86 (1999) 5841. PDF

  143. T. Boutboul, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Klein, A. Braem, G. Lion, P. Miné,
    On the surface morphology of thin alkli halide photocathode films. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A438 (1999) 409. PDF

  144. S. Shchemelinin, S. Pszona, G. Garty, A. Breskin, R. Chechik,
    The absolute detection efficiency of vacuum electron multipliers, to KeV protons and Ar+ ions. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A438 (1999) 447. PDF

  145. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, G. Garty, R. Chechik, F. Sauli and L. Shekhtman,
    The GEM photomultiplier operated with noble gas mixtures. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A443 (2000) 164. PDF

  146. A. Breskin, T Boutboul, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, G. Garty, E. Shefer and B. K. Singh,
    Advances in gas avalanche photomultipliers. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A442 (2000)58. PDF

  147. A. Buzulutskov, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Garty, F. Sauli, and L. Shekhtman,
    Further studies of the GEM photomultiplier. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A442 (2000) 68. PDF

  148. A. Laikhtman, A. Hoffman, R. Kalish, A. Breskin and R. Chechik,
    Absolute Quantum Photoyield of Ion Damaged Diamond Surfaces. J. App. Phys. 88 (2000) 2451. PDF

  149. B.K.Singh, E. Shefer, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and N. Avraham
    CsBr and CsI UV photocathodes: New results on QE and aging. Nucl.Instr. Meth. A454 (2000) 364. PDF

  150. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, G. Garty, E.Shefer, B.K. Singh and S. Shchemelinin,
    Advances in single-charge detectors and their applications. IEEE Trans. on Nucl. Sci. 47 (2000) 1404. PDF

  151. C. Richter, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Garty and A. Sharma
    Absolute electron transfer efficiency of GEM. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A461 (2001) 38. PDF

  152. A.R. Krauss, O. Auciello, M.Q. Ding, D.M. Gruen, Y. Huang, V.V. Zhirnov, E.I. Givargizov, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Shefer, V. Konov, S. Pimenov,A. Karabutov, A. Rakhimov and N. Suetin
    Electron emission for ultrananocrystalline diamond films. J. App. Phys. 89 (2001) 2958. PDF

  153. G. Piantanida, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, O. Katz, A. Laikhtman, A. Hoffman and C. Coluzza
    The effect of moderate heating on the negative electron affinity and photoyield of air-exposed H-terminated CVD diamond. J. App. Phys. 89 (2001) 8259. PDF

  154. A. Akkerman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and Y. Lifshitz
    Calculation of proton stopping power in the region of its maximum, for several organic materials and water. Presented at ISRP-8, 8th Int. Symp. on Radiation Physics, Prague , June 2000 Radiation Physics and Chemistry 61 (2001) 333. PDF

  155. D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and B.K. Singh
    On the efficient operation of a CsI-coated GEM photon detector. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A471 (2001) 333. PDF

  156. R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, S. Shchemelinin, G. Garty, R. Chechik and A. Breskin
    Modeling of radiation action based on nanodosimetric event spectra, Phys. Med XVII Suppl. 1 (2001) 177 PDF

  157. J. Nickles, H. Bräuning, A. Bräuning-Demian, V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, K. Rauschnabel and H. Schmidt-Böcking
    A gas scintillation counter with imaging optics and large area UV detector. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A477 (2002) 59. PDF

  158. C. Richter, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Mörmann, G. Garty and A. Sharma
    On the efficient electron transfer through GEM. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A478 (2002) 528. PDF

  159. S. Shchemelinin, G. Garty, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and R.W. Schulte,
    Ion-counting nanodosimetry: a new method for assessing radiation damage to DNA. Nucl. Instr. . Meth A477 (2002) 527. PDF

  160. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, B.K. Singh, A. Bondar and L. Shekhtman
    Sealed GEM photomultiplier with a CSI photocathode: ion feedback and ageing. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A478 (2002) 225. PDF

  161. D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, P. Cwetanski and B.K. Singh
    A gas avalanche photomultiplier with a CsI-coated GEM. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A478 (2002) 230. PDF

  162. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik
    GEM photomultiplier operation in CF4. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A483 (2002) 670. PDF

  163. G. Garty, S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, I. Orion, G.P. Guedes, R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov and B. Grosswendt
    Wall-less ion-counting nanodosimetry applied to protons. Rad. Prot. Dos. 99 (2002) 325. PDF

  164. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, E. Shefer and B.K. Singh
    Sealed gas UV-photon detector with a multi-GEM multiplier. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 48 (2001) 417. PDF

  165. G. Garty , S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Assaf, I. Orion, V. Bashkirov, R. Schulte and B. Grosswendt
    The performance of a novel ion-counting nanodosimeter. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A492 (2002) 212. PDF

  166. E. Shefer, A. Breskin, T. Boutboul, R. Chechik, H. Cohen, I. Feldman and B.K. Singh
    Photoelectron transport in CsI and CsBr coating films of alkali antimonide and CsI photocathodes. J. Appl. Phys. 92 (2002) 4758. PDF

  167. G. Guedes, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Mörmann
    Effects of the induction-gap parameters on the signal in a double-GEM detector. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A497 (2003)305 PDF

  168. R. Chechik, M. Balcerzyk, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, G.P. Guedes, D. Mörmann and B.K. Singh
    Progress in GEM-based gaseous photomultipliers. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A502 (2003) 195. PDF

  169. D. Mörmann, M. Balcerzyk, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, B.K. Singh and A. Buzulutskov
    GEM-based gaseous photomultipliers for UV and visible photon imaging. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A504 (2003) 93. PDF

  170. D. Vartsky, M.B. Goldberg, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, B. Guerard and J.F. Clergeau
    Large Area Imaging Detector for Neutron Scattering Based on Boron-Rich Liquid Scintillator. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A504 (2003) 369. PDF

  171. J. M. Maia, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. M. F. dos Santos, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and D. Mörmann
    Advances in the Micro Hole Strip Plate Gaseous Detector. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A504 (2003) 364. PDF

  172. M. Balcerzyk, D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, B. K. Singh, E. D.C. Freitas, R. Chechik, M. Klin, M. Rappaport, Methods of preparation and performance of sealed gas photomultipliers for visible light. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS50 (2003) 847. PDF

  173. A. Breskin, M. Balcerzyk, R. Chechik, G. P. Guedes, J. Maia and D. Mörmann, Recent advances in gaseous imaging photomultipliers. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A513 (2003) 250. PDF

  174. G.P. Guedes, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Vartsky, D. Bar, A.F. Barbosa, P.R.B. Marinho, Two-dimensional GEM imaging detector with delay-line readout. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A513 (2003) 473. PDF

  175. D. Vartsky, S. Shilstein, A. Bercovich, M. Huszar, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, S. Korotinsky, S.D. Malnick and E. Moriel, Prostatic zinc and PSA: An experimental evaluation of their combined diagnostic value. The Journal of Urology 170 (2003) 2258. PDF

  176. D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, D. Bloch, Evaluation and reduction of ion back-flow in multi-GEM detectors. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A516 (2004) 315. PDF

  177. S. Sh. Shilstein, A.Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Feldman and D.Vartsky, In-vivo determination of prostatic zinc: Phantom feasibility study. Journal of Physics in Medicine and Biology 49 (2004) 1-15. PDF







    B. Review articles




  178. A. Breskin.
    Progress in low-pressure gaseous detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 196, 11 (1982).

  179. A. Breskin.
    New trends in low-pressure gaseous detectors. In: Detectors in heavy ion physics (ed. W. Von Oertzen) Lecture notes in physics, (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), 178:55 (1983)

  180. A. Breskin.
    Low mass detectors. In: Instrumentation for Heavy Ion Nuclear Research. Ed. Shapira, D. Nuclear Science Research Conference Series. Harwood Academic Publishers: 7, 75 (1985).

  181. A. Breskin.
    New developments in optical imaging detectors. Invited talk at the Quark Matter Conf. Lenox Mass. Sept., 1988, Nucl. Phys. A498, 457C (1989).

  182. A. Breskin.
    Fast, low-pressure, UV-photon detectors for Cerenkov ring imaging. Invited talk at the Int. Symp. on Particle Identification at High Luminosity Hadron Colliders, FNAL, April 1989. Proceedings of the Symposium (ed. T.J. Gourlay and I.G. Morfin) FNAL) p.255.

  183. A. Breskin.
    Advances in gaseous photon detectors. Invited talk at the 3rd Int. Conf. on Applications of Nuclear Techniques, Mykonos, Greece, June 1992. In: Nuclear Techniques for Analytical and Industrial Applications (editors, G. Vourvopoulos and T. Paradellis) 1993, p.103.

  184. A. Akkerman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Gibrekhterman.
    Secondary electron emission from alkali halides induced by X-rays and electrons. Presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Ionization of Solids by Heavy Particles, Taormina , Italy , June 1992. In Ionization of Solids by Heavy Particles, Plenum Publishing Co. (1993), pg. 359.

  185. A. Breskin,
    Secondary emission gaseous detectors: a new class of radiation imaging detectors. Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Supp.) 44 (1995) 351.

  186. A. Breskin,
    New trends in radiation imaging : CsI-based gaseous detectors. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A367, (1995) 326.

  187. A. Breskin,
    CsI UV photocathodes: history and mystery. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A371 (1996) 116.

  188. A. Breskin,
    Photon detectors for the 21st century. Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. A387 (1997) 1.

  189. A. Breskin,
    Advances in gas avalanche radiation detectors for bio-medical applications. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A454 (2000) 26. PDF


    C. Articles accepted for publication (in press)




  190. J. M. Maia, D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. M. F dos Santos, Avalanche-ion back-flow reduction in gaseous electron multipliers based on GEM/MHSP. Nucl. Instr. Meth.A, in press. PDF
    Available online in SCIENCE DIRECT 4 February 2004

  191. J.F.C.A. Veloso, J.M. Maia, L.F. Requicha Ferreira, J.M.F. dos Santos, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Rui de Oliveira, Recent advances in x-ray detection with Micro-Hole & Strip Plate detector. Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, in press. PDF

  192. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, G. P. Guedes, D. Mörmann, J. M. Maia, V. Dangendorf, D. Vartsky, J. M. F. Dos Santos, and J. F. C. A. Veloso, Recent Investigations of Cascaded GEM and MHSP detectors. To be published in: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 2004. PDF
    Available on arxchive
    http://www.arixiv.org/abs/nucl-ex/0311020
    http://www.arixiv.org/abs/nucl-ex/0311020/0311020.pdf

  193. J. M. Maia, D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. M. F. dos Santos, Progress in MHSP electron multiplier operation. To be published in: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 2004 PDF


    D. Articles submitted for publication




  194. D. Mörmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and C. Shalem, Operation principles and properties of the multi-GEM gaseous photomultiplier with reflective photocathode. Submitted to NIM A PDF

  195. C. Leloup, G. Garty, G. Assaf, A. Cristovâo, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, S. Shchemelinin, T. Paz-Elizur, Z. Livneh, R.W. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, J.R. Milligan and B. Grosswendt, Evaluation of lesion clustering in irradiated plasmid DNA. Submitted to International Journal of Radiation biology. No PDF yet.

  196. V. Peskov, C. Iacobaeus, A. Breskin, M. Danielsson, T. Francke, D. Mörmann and J. Ostling, Advances in capillary-based gaseous UV imaging detectors. Submitted to IMAGING 03, Intl. Conf. On Radiation Imaging, Stockholm, Sweden, June 2003. No PDF yet.

  197. V. Dangendorf , C. Kersten, G. Laczko, D. Vartsky, I. Mor, M.B. Goldberg, G. Feldman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, O. Jagutzky and U. Spillman, Detectors for Energy-Resolved Fast Neutron Imaging. Submitted to NIM A PDF

  198. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, D. Mörmann and C. Shalem, Thick GEM-like hole multipliers: properties and possible applications. Submitted to NIM A PDF

  199. F. Amaro, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. M. Maia, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and J. M. F. dos Santos, Noble-gas operation of MHSP electron multipliers at atmospheric-to-high pressures. Submitted to NIM A PDF


    E. Non-refereed conference articles




  200. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, W. Duinker and F. Sauli.
    Very high accuracy drift chambers. Contribution to the Int. Conf. on Instr. for High Energy Physics, Frascati, Italy, May 1973, p.301.

  201. A. Breskin and N. Zwang.
    A fast, bidimensional, position-sensitive parallel plate avalanche counter (PPAC) for light and heavy particles. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-25, No.1, 126 (1978).

  202. A. Gutermann, D. Ashery, A. Breskin, Tserruya and N. Zwang.
    A focal plane detection system for heavy ions identification. Proc. Predeal Int. Sch. on Heavy Ion Physics, Romania, Sept. 1978.

  203. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and N. Zwang.
    Timing properties of very low pressure MWPC's. IEEE Trans, NS-27, No.1, 133 (1980).

  204. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Faibis, G. Goldring, Z. Vager and N. Zwang.
    A new experimental approach to the structure of complex molecular ions Ann. Israel Phys. Soc. 4, 50 (1981).

  205. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and N. Zwang.
    Low pressure gas detectors for molecular-ion breakup studies. Ann. Phys. Soc. 4, 254 (1981).

  206. A. Breskin, A. Cattai, G. Charpak, A. Peisert, A. Policarpo and F. Sauli.
    Advances in vacuum ultraviolet detection with multistep gaseous detectors, and application to Cerenkov ring imaging. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-28, No. 1, 429 (1981).

  207. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, S. Majewski, F. Mathy and F. Sauli.
    The high rate limitations in multistep chambers. Trans Nucl. Sci. NS-28, 483 (1981).

  208. I. Carmi, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, M. Cohen and N. Zwang.
    A novel design for a low-level proportional counter for tritium. Proc. Int. Symp. on Methods of Low-Level Counting and Spectrometry,Berlin, April 1981, IAEA-SM-252/42, 477 (1981).

  209. M. Paul, R. Kaim, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, J. Gerber, M.B. Goldberg, N. Zwang and A. Kaufman.
    Report on accelerator mass spectrometry experiments at the Rehovot 14 UD Pelletron. Proc. Workshop on Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy, Argonne, July 1981.

  210. I. Tserruya, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E Duering, S. Kaplanis, N. Trautner and N. Zwang.
    The Weizmann Institute heavy-ion identification system. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 196, 225 (1982).

  211. G. Coutrakon, J.R. Hubbard, Ph. Mangeot, J. Mullie, J. Tichit, R. Bouclier, A. Breskin, G. Charpark, J. Million, A. Peisert, J.C. Santiard, F. Sauli, C.N. Brown, D. Finley, H. Glass, J. Kirz and R.L. McCarthy.
    Identification of 200 GeV/c particles, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., NS-29, 323 (1982).

  212. A. Breskin, T. Johansson, S. Polikanov and J. C. Santiard.
    The TREC, a 4p, low pressure tracking range and energy detector for heavily ionizing particles. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 217, 131 (1983).

  213. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, I. Levin and N. Zwang.
    Heavy particle timing and imaging with low-pressure MWPCs. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 217, 107 (1983).

  214. S. Majewski, G. Charpak, A. Breskin and G. Mikenberg.
    A thin multiwire chamber operating in the high multiplication mode. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 217, 265 (1983).

  215. W. Dominik, D. Anderson, A. Breskin, G. Charpak, F. Sauli and S. Majewski.
    Possible applications of low-pressure multistep chambers to Cerenkov Ring Imaging. In: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf on Instrumentation for Colliding-Beam Physics, Novosibirsk USSR, March 1984, p. 51.

  216. I. Tserruya, P. Jacobs, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, S. Lantzmann, U. Smilansky and N. Zwang.
    Sub-barrier fusion of O+Sn using a new detection system. In: Fusion Reactions Below the Coulomb Barrier (ed. by S.G. Steadman) Lecture Notes in Physics, (Berlin, Springer), 219:325 (1985).

  217. A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Detection of single electrons and low ionization radiation with low-pressure multistep chambers, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-32, 504 (1985).

  218. M. Suzuki, A. Breskin, G. Charpak, E. Daubie, W. Dominik, J.P. Fabre, J. Gaudean, F. Sauli, D. Sauvage, P. Strock and T. Zeludziewicz.
    ``On the optical readout of gas avalanche chambers and its applications". Presented at the 3rd Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors, June 1986. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A263, 237 (1988).

  219. V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and H. Schmidt-Böcking
    A high pressure gas scintillation X-ray detector with fast timing properties and high Compton background suppression capability. EUV, X-ray and Gamma-ray Instrumentation for Astronomy and Atomic Physics (C.J. Hailey and O.H.W. Siegmund) Proc. SPIE 1159 (1989) 192.

  220. V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and H. Schmidt-Böcking.
    An X-ray Imaging Gas Scintillation Detector with CsI-Wire Chamber UV-Photon readout, Instrum. in Astronomy VII (D.L. Crawford), Proc. SPIE 1235 (1990) 896.

  221. A. Akkerman, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Elkind, Frumkin and A. Gibrekhterman.
    Ultrafast Secondary Emission 2D X-ray Imaging Detectors. Proc. of the European Workshop on X-ray Detectors for Synchrotron Radiation, Aussois, France, Sept. 1991, p.118 (ed. A.H. Walenta).

  222. E. Shefer, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, G. Gefen and A. Pansky,
    Low pressure operation of microstrip gas chambers. Presented at the Int. Workshop in Microstrip Gas Chambers, Legnaro, Italy 13-14 Oct. 1994. Proc. of Workshop (ed. G. Della Mea and F. Sauli) pg. 107 (Edizioni Progetto Padova).

  223. Th. Ullrich et al., (the CERES collaboration including A. Breskin).
    Low-mass electron-pair production in p-Be, p-Au and S-Au collisions at CERN SPS energies; (Proc. 27th Int. Conf. on High Energy Physics, Glasgow 1994, ed. P.J. Bussey, IG. Knowles) p.529-531, Inst. of Phys. Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia.

  224. E.Shefer, A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik and M. Prager,
    Towards gaseous imaging photomultipliers for visible light. Proc. of the Int. Europhysics Conf. on High Energy Physics, Aug. 1997 (ed. Lellouch, Mikenberg and Rabinovici), Springer, 1998. p. 1081.

  225. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, G. Garty, F. Sauli and L. Shekhtman,
    The CsI multi-GEM photomultiplier. Proc. of the Int. Workshop on Micro-pattern Gas Detectors, Orsay France, June 1999, pg 107. PDF

  226. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik, G. Garty, F. Sauli and L. Shekhtman,
    On some effects in multi-GEM structures. Proc. of the Int. Workshop on Micro-pattern Gas Detectors, Orsay, France, June 1999, pg 139.

  227. R. Chechik, A. Breskin and G. Garty,
    Single electron detection with GEM . Proc. of the Int. Workshop on Micro-pattern Gas Detectors, Orsay , France , June 1999, pg 103. PDF

  228. R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, G. Garty, S. Shchemelinin, I. Orion, A. Breskin, R. Chechik and B. Grosswendt
    Ion-counting nanodosimetry: current status and future applications. Presented at the 2001 International workshop on micro- and mini- dosimetry, Sydney , Australia , Dec. 2001.
    Australian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, 26 (2003) 140-146. PDF

  229. R.W. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, G. Garty, G. Assaf, C. Leloup, S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, B. Grosswendt, J. Milligan. Utilization of nanodosimetry to characterize radiation quality in hadron therapy. Invited talk at the World Congress on Medical Physics, Sydney, Australia, August 2003. PDF


    F. Conference abstracts




  230. A. Breskin, M. Brugger, R. Chechik and M. Overbeck.
    High Efficiency Heavy Ion Identification System Using Large Area, Low-Pressure MWPCs. In: Int. Conf. on Instrumentation for Heavy Ion Nuclear Research, Oak Ridge , USA , October 1984. Conf-841005-Absts: 57 (1984).

  231. R. Baur, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Drees, U. Faschingbauer, P. Fischer, Z.
    Fraenkel, P. Glässel, T. Günzel, C.P. de los Heros, D. Imrscher, L. Olsen, A. Pfeiffer, A. Schön, J. Schukraft, H.J. Specht, V. Steiner, S. Tapprogge, I. Tserruya, T. Ulrich, P. Wurm.
    Beam results from the RICH detectors of the CERES/NA45 experiment. Presented at the 1992 Vienna Wire Chamber Conference. In preparation.

  232. A. Breskin, A. Akkerman, R. Chechik, E. Eliknd, I. Frumkin, A. Gibrekhterman and A. Notea.
    Ultrafast deigital X-ray and g-ray imaging detectors. Presented at the First Nat. Conf. of the Israel Soc. for Duality Assurance, Kfar Hamaccabiah, Nov. 1991.

  233. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Y. Gal, L.J. Levinson, M. Sidi, B. Weingarten and I. Frumkin. Imbedded RISC Data Acquisition at 1 MHz for the delay-line readout of a gas imaging X-ray detector.
    Presented at the IEEE Symposium on Data Acquisition Systems, Vancouver , June 1993.

  234. V. Dangendorf, A. Demain, H. Friedrich, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, and A. Gibrekhteman,
    High resolution thermal neutron imaging with CsI-coated foil convertors coupled to wire chambers. Presented at the Vienna Wire Chamber Conference, Vienna , Feb. 1995.

  235. U. Titt, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, B. Grosswendt and H. Schuhmacher
    Charged particle track structure imaging with an optically read out TPC. Presented at the 12th Int. Symposium on microdosimetry, Sept. 1996, Oxford , UK .

  236. R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov, S. Shchemelinin, G. Garty, R. Chechik and A. Breskin
    Design and implementation of a nanodosimetric detector based on single ion counting, Poster presentation at the Annual meeting of the Radiation Research Society, April 29-May 30, 2000 Albuquerque, New-Mexico. PDF

  237. H. Cohen, E. Shefer, A. Breskin, R. Chechik , Y. Feldman and B.K. Singh
    Photoelectron spectroscopy of sub-eV electrons in the presence of a focusing magnetic field, Presented at the Israeli Vacuum society annual meeting, June 2001. PDF

  238. G. Garty, C. Leloup, G. Assaf, S. Shchemelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Livneh, R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov and B. Grosswendt, Nanodosimetry: assessing radiation damage to DNA. Poster presentation at the Bi-national france-Israeli symp. on Nano- and Micro-Technologies in Biotechnology; Ben-Gurion Univ., beer-Sheva, Israel, Oct.2002. PDF

  239. A.Breskin, R. Chechik, V. Dangendorf, G. Guedes, J. Maia, D. Mörmann and D. Vartsky, Recent advances in multi-GEM imaging detectors. Presented at IMAGING 03, Intl. Conf. On Radiation Imaging, Stockholm, Sweden, June 2003. PDF

  240. C. Leloup, G. Garty, G. Assaf, S. Shchmelinin, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, T. Paz-Elizur, Z. Livneh, A. Cristovao, R. Schulte, V. Bashkirov and J. Milligan, LET-dependence of lesion clustering in irradiated DNA. Poster presentation at the 13th Intl. Congress on Radiation Research, Brisbane, Australia, August 2003. PDF

  241. V. Dangendorf, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, C. Kersten, G. Laczko, O. Jagutzky , D. Vartsky, Novel Detectors for Time-of-Flight Fast-Neutron Radioscopy. Poster presentation at the 9th Intl. Sypm. On Radiation Physics; Cape Town, South Africa, 24-31 October 2003. PDF

  242. R. Chechik, A. Breskin, D. Mörmann, J. M. Maia, J.M.F. dos Santos, and J.F.C.A. Veloso, Cascaded GEM and MHSP detectors for TPC readout. Presented at the Satellite. Workshop on Micro-Pattern Detectors for Time Projection Chambers, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Portland, USA, Oct. 2003. PDF

  243. V. Bashkirov, R. Schulte, G. Coutrakon, P. Koss, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, S. Shchemelinin, C. Leloup, G. Garty, G. Assaf, J. Milligan, B. Grosswendt, Development of Nanodosimetry for Applications in Hadron Therapy; invited talk at the Satellite Hadron Therapy Workshop, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Portland, USA, Oct. 2003. Unpublished PDF.


    G. Major Reports and proposals




  244. A. Breskin.
    Etude des parameters des chambres a projection. CERN NP rep.72-70 (1972).

  245. A. Breskin, G. Charpak, P. Darriulat, K. Geissler, M. Holder and K. Tittel.
    Some tests of a multigap projection chamber. CERN NP rep.72-21 (1972).

  246. A. Breskin and K. Geissler.
    First studies on a thick-wire projection chamber. CERN/D, Ph.II/Instr. 72-7 (1972).

  247. A. Breskin.
    Etude d'un detecteur pour des particles de haute energies: La chambre a projection tridimentionnelle. CERN Yellow Rep. 73-7 (1973).

  248. G. Barbiellini, A. Breskin, M. Cervenka, R. Chechik, T. Johansson, S. Polikanov, G. Herrmann and N. Trautmann.
    On anomalous fission as a signature for heavy relic particles from the Big Bang. CERN-EP/83-09 Sept. 1983.

  249. M. Brugger, S. Polikanov , G. Herrmann, M. Overbeck, N. Trautmann, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel and U. Smilansky.
    A search for superheavy relic particles from the big-bang by observing anomalous heavy ion scattering. GSI, proposal No. 341, July 1984.

  250. U. Faschingbauer et al. including E.F. Barasch, A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z. Fraenkel, D. Sauvage, V. Steiner, and I. Tserruya (of the Weizmann Institute)
    Study of electron pair production in hadron and nuclear collisions at the CERN-SPS.
    A proposal to the SPSC-CERN, CERN/SPSC 88-40, p.237 (1988).

  251. ``A detection system for explosives in passenger baggage based on nuclear resonance absorption in 14N". (confidential report)
    D. Vartsky, M.B. Goldberg, A. Breskin, A. Goldschmidt, O. Even, E. Izak, E.J. Dowdy and R.E. Morgado - Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, June, 1987.

  252. ``A detection system for explosives in passenger baggage based on nuclear resonance absorption in 14N". (confidential report)
    D. Vartsky, M.B. Goldberg, A. Breskin, G. Engler, A. Goldshmidt, E. Izak and O. Evan - Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, September, 1987.

  253. ``A detection system for explosives in passenger baggage based on nuclear resonance absorption in 14N". (confidential report)
    D. Vartsky, M.B. Goldberg, G. Engler, A. Breskin, A. Goldschmidt, E. Izak, O. Even, A. Horowitz, N. Levi, R.E. Morgado, and C. Hollas Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, April, 1988.

  254. ``A detection system for explosives in passenger baggage based on nuclear resonance absorption in 14N". (confidential report)
    D. Vartsky, M.B. Goldberg, G. Engler, A. Goldschmidt, A. Saya, M. Katz, Y. Shamai, A. Baran, E. Izsak, S. Blitz, E. Pollak, T. Sadey, M. Kaminman, A. Breskin, and Y. Shimmoni - Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, December, 1989.

  255. E. Nappi et al., including A. Breskin and R. Chechik from the Weizmann Institute. Development of large area advanced fast RICH detectors for particle identification at the large hadron collider operated with heavy ions. CERN/DRDC/92-15, P35 proposal. Accepted on April 1992. (RD 26)

  256. R. Bouclier et al., including A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Pansky from the Weizmann Institute. Development of gas micro-strip chambers for radiation detection and tracking at high rates. CERN/DRDC/92-30, P41 proposal. Accepted, May 1992. (RD 28)

  257. The ATLAS proposal for a general-purpose pp experiment at the CERN-LHC, with Weizmann-Technion team including A. Breskin, R. Chechik, E. Duchovni Y. Eisenberg, A. Gibrekhterman, M. Hass, D. Hochman, U. Karshon, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, G. Mikenberg, S. Tarem and D. Revel (of the Weizmann Institute). CERN/LHCC/92-4

  258. R. Bouclier et al (including A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Pansky, of the Weizmann Institute), CERN/RD-28 Annual Status Report, Development of Microstrip Gas Chambers for radiation detection and tracking at high rates. Report CERN/DRDC/93-34, August 1993.

  259. A. di Mauro et al (including A. Breskin and R. Chechik of the Weizmann Institute), CERN-RD-26 Annual Status Report, Development of large area advanced fast RICH detector for particle identification at the LHC operated with heavy ions. Report CERN/DRDC/93-36, August 1993.

  260. R. Bouclier et al., (including A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Pansky and E. Shefer from the Weizmann Institute), CERN/RD-28 Annual Status Report, Development of Microstrip Gas Chambers for Radiation Detection and Tracking at High Rates. Report CERN/DRDC/94-55, Jan. 1995.

  261. A. DiMauro, et al., (including A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov and R. Chechik from the Weizman Institute), CERN RD-26 Annual Status Report, Development of Large Area Advanced Fast RICH Detectors for Particle Indentification at the LHC Operated with Heavy Ions. Report CERN/DRDC/94-49, Dec. 94.

  262. R. Bouclier et al., (including A. Breskin, R. Chechik, A. Pansky and E. Shefer from the Weizmann Institute), CERN/RD-28 Annual Status Report, Development of Microstrip Gas Chambers for Radiation Detection and Tracking at High Rates. Report CERN/LHCC 96-18, Feb. 1996.

  263. A. DiMauro, et al., (including A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov and R. Chechik from the Weizman Institute), CERN RD-26 Annual Status Report, Development of Large Area Advanced Fast RICH Detectors for Particle Indentification at the LHC Operated with Heavy Ions. Report CERN/LHCC 96-20, Feb. 1996.

  264. A. Breskin, A. Buzulutskov, R. Chechik and E. Shefer,
    Towards gaseous detectors for visible photons. ICFA Bulletin, Spring 96, SLAC-PUB-7175 (1996) 29.

  265. A. Pansky, A. Breskin, and R. Chechik,
    A new technique for studying the Fano factor and the mean energy per ion pair in counting gases. ICFA Bulletin, Spring 96, SLAC-PUB-7175 (1996) 35.


    H. Patents




  266. D. Vartsky, M. Goldberg, A. Breskin, G. Engler, A. Goldschmidt, E.Izak, O. Even.
    Method and System for detection of nitrogeneous explosives by using nuclear resonance absorption.
    US patent No. 4, 941, 162 - July 1990, (patent pending in Israel (1988) and Europe ).

  267. A. Breskin and R. Chechik.
    Apparatus for radiographic imaging. US patent No. 4, 999, 500, March 1991, (patent pending in Israel (1988) and Europe ).

  268. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and E. Dafni.
    Beta Radiation Detector.
    US patent No. 5, 194, 738, March 1993. (patent pending in Israel (1990) No 95033 and in Europe ).

  269. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and S. Majewski.
    Ultrafast X-ray imaging detector.
    US patent No. 5, 192, 861, March 1993. (patent pending in Israel (1990) No. 93969 and in US and Europe .

  270. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, and V. Dangendorf,
    Solid radiation convertor for use in neutron imaging detectors, Application for patent filed, May 1994.

  271. A. Breskin, R. Chechik and A. Buzulutskov.
    Protection of K2CsSb photocathodes with CsBr thin-film coatings. US patent US 6,531,816 B1 March 11,2003.

  272. E. Beyne, S. Tavernier, W. van Doninck, A. Breskin and R. Chechik
    An imager or particle or radiation detector and method of manufacturing the same. US patent US 6,121,622 (Sept 19, 299) & US 6,362,484 B1 (Mar 26, 2002).

  273. V. Bashkirov, R.Schulte, S.Shchemelinin, A.Breskin, R.Chechik, G.Garty and J.Miligan
    Nanodosimeter based on single-ion detection. US patent US 2003/0146759 A1 Aug 7, 2003.

  274. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, Z.Paltiel, B.Schechter, A.Warshawsky, A.Shanzer, and M.Neeman
    Compositions and methods for x-ray imaging of tumors. US patent US 6,694,175 (Feb 17, 2004).

  275. A. Breskin, R. Chechik, S.Shielstein and D.Vartsky
    System and method for cancer detection. Filed March 27, 2003 (continuation of patent application filed Sept 28, 2000).



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