Caplan, S.R. A simply-constructed constant temperature light-scattering photometer and differential refractometer. J. Sci. Instruments 31, 295‑300 (1954).
Arnold, R. and Caplan, S.R. Solutions of polymethacrylic acid: I. Molecular weights and second virial coefficients of the undissociated acid. Trans. Faraday Soc. 51, 857‑863 (1955).
Arnold, R. and Caplan, S.R. Solutions of polymethacrylic acid: II. Molecular dimensions of the dissociated acid. Trans. Faraday Soc. 51, 864‑872 (1955).
Caplan, S.R. Fractionation of polymers by "precipitation chromatography": Microtechnique and theory. J. Polym. Sci. 35, 409‑421 (1959).
Caplan, S.R. A synergic method of carrying out continuous electrochromatography. Nature 185, 378‑379 (1960).
Caplan, S.R. Optimum voltage for preparative electrophoresis. Chemistry and Industry 226, (1960).
Caplan, S.R. Continuous electrochromatography on ion-exchange membranes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 108, 577‑585 (1961).
Nevo, A.C., Caplan, S.R. and Schindler, H. Duration of motility and glycolysis of fowl spermatozoa in vitro under anaerobic conditions, constant pH and constant glucose concentration. J. Reprod. Fertil. 6, 361‑370 (1963).
Kedem, O. and Caplan, S.R. Degree of coupling and its relation to efficiency of energy conversion. Trans. Faraday Soc. 61, 1897‑1911 (1965).
Caplan, S.R. The degree of coupling and efficiency of fuel cells and membrane desalination processes. J. Phys. Chem. 69, 3801‑3804 (1965).
Goldman, R., Silman, H.I., Caplan, S.R., Kedem, O. and Katchalski, E. Papain membrane on a collodion matrix: Preparation and enzymic behavior. Science 150, 758‑760 (1965).
Caplan, S.R. The degree of coupling and its relation to efficiency of energy conversion in multiple-flow systems. J. Theoret. Biol. 10, 209‑235 (1966); Errata 11, 346‑347 (1966).
Caplan, S.R. A characteristic of self-regulated linear energy converters: The Hill force-velocity relation for muscle. J. Theoret. Biol. 11, 63‑86 (1966); Errata 12, 155 (1966).
Mikulecky, D.C. and Caplan, S.R. The choice of reference frame in the treatment of membrane transport by non-equilibrium thermodynamics. J. Phys. Chem. 70, 3049‑3056 (1966).
Blumenthal, R., Caplan, S.R. and Kedem, O. The coupling of an enzymatic reaction to transmembrane flow of electric current in a synthetic "active transport" system. Biophys. J. 7, 735‑757 (1967).
Rottenberg, H., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Stoichiometry and coupling: Theories of oxidative phosphorylation. Nature 216, 610‑611 (1967).
Goldman, R., Kedem, O., Silman, I.H., Caplan, S.R. and Katchalski, E. Papain-collodion membranes: I. Preparation and properties. Biochemistry 7, 486‑500 (1968).
Weinstein, J.N. and Caplan, S.R. Charge-mosaic membranes: Enhanced permeability and negative osmosis with a symmetrical salt. Science 161, 70-72 (1968).
Caplan, S.R. Autonomic energy conversion: I. The input relation: Phenomenological and mechanistic considerations. Biophys. J. 8, 1146‑1166 (1968).
Caplan, S.R. Autonomic energy conversion: II. An approach to the energetics of muscular contraction. Biophys. J. 8, 1167‑1193 (1968).
Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. Energetics of active transport processes. Biophys. J. 8, 1434‑1457 (1968).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Oxidative phosphorylation: Thermodynamic criteria for the chemical and chemiosmotic hypotheses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 64, 211‑218 (1969).
Weinstein, J.N. and Caplan, S.R. Charge-mosaic membranes: Dialytic separation of electrolytes from nonelectrolytes and amino acids. Science 169, 296‑298 (1970).
Vieira, F.L., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Energetics of sodium transport in frog skin: I. Oxygen consumption in the short-circuited state. J. Gen. Physiol. 59, 60‑76 (1972).
Vieira, F.L., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Energetics of sodium transport in frog skin: II. The effects of electrical potential on oxygen consumption. J. Gen. Physiol. 59, 77‑91 (1972).
Weinstein, J.N., Bunow, B.J. and Caplan, S.R. Transport properties of charge-mosaic membranes: I. Theoretical models. Desalination 11, 341‑377 (1972).
Weinstein, J.N., Misra, B.M., Kalif, D. and Caplan, S.R. Transport properties of charge-mosaic membranes: II. Experimental studies. Desalination 12, 1‑17 (1973).
Gardner, C.R:, Weinstein, J.N. and Caplan, S.R. Transport properties of charge-mosaic membranes: III. Piezodialysis. Desalination 12, 19‑33 (1973).
DeSimone, J.A. and Caplan, S.R. Symmetry and the stationary state behaviour of enzyme membranes. J. Theoret. Biol. 39, 523‑544 (1973).
Paul, R.J., Peterson, J.W. and Caplan, S.R. Oxygen consumption rate in vascular smooth muscle: Relation to isometric tension. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 305, 474‑480 (1973).
Saito, T., Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. The effect of aldosterone on the energetics of sodium transport in the frog skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 318, 371‑382 (1973).
Naparstek, A., Caplan, S.R. and Katzir-Katchalsky, A. Series arrays of ion-exchange membranes: Concentration profiles and rectification of electric current. Israel J. Chem. 11, 255‑270 (1973).
Weinstein, J.N. and Caplan, S.R. Definition of volume flow in the Kedem-Katchalsky formulation of electroosmosis. J. Phys. Chem. 77, 2710‑2711 (1973).
DeSimone, J.A. and Caplan, S.R. The determination of local reaction and diffusion parameters of enzyme membranes from global measurements. Biochemistry 12, 3032‑3039 (1973).
Caplan, S.R., Naparstek, A. and Zabusky, N.J. Chemical oscillations in a membrane. Nature 245, 364‑366 (1973).
Naparstek, A., Thomas, D. and Caplan, S.R. An experimental enzyme-membrane oscillator. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 323, 643‑646 (1973).
Paul, R.J., Peterson, J.W. and Caplan, S.R. A nonequilibrium thermodynamic description of vascular smooth muscle mechanochemistry: I. The rate of oxygen consumption: A measure of the driving chemical reaction. J. Mechanochem. Cell Motility 3, 19‑32 (1974).
Caplan, S.R. and Sollner, K. The influence of the characteristics of the activating polyelectrolyte in the preparation and on the properties of interpolymer ion exchange membranes: I. The rational principles of membrane preparation and their experimental test. J. Colloid and Interface Sci. 46, 46‑66 (1974).
Caplan, S.R. and Sollner, K. The influence of the characteristics of the activating polyelectrolyte in the preparation and on the properties of interpolymer ion exchange membranes: II. Further experimental studies on the sorption, desorption, and permeation of polyelectrolyte in collodion membranes of high porosity. J. Colloid and Interface Sci. 46, 67‑76 (1974).
Caplan, S.R. and Sollner, K. The influence of the characteristics of the activating polyelectrolyte in the preparation and on the properties of interpolymer ion exchange membranes: III. Some considerations concerning peculiarities of the functional properties of polyelectrolyte activated "internal swelling" membranes. J. Colloid and Interface Sci. 46, 77‑84 (1974).
Slifkin, M.A. and Caplan, S.R. Modulation excitation spectrophotometry of purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Nature 253, 56‑58 (1975).
Owen, A., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. A comparison of the effects of ouabain and 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the thermodynamic variables of the frog skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 394, 438‑448 (1975).
Owen, A., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. The interaction of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and glucose: Effects on the short-circuit current of frog skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 389, 407‑409 (1975).
Lang, M.A., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Action of aldosterone on frog skin in the presence and absence of in vitro molting effects. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 401, 481‑485 (1975).
Sherman, W.V. and Caplan, S.R. Arrhenius parameters of phototransients in Halobacterium halobium in physiological conditions. Nature 258, 766‑768 (1975).
Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. Stimulation of ATP synthesis in Halobacterium halobium R1 by light-induced or artificially created proton electrochemical potential gradients across the cell membrane. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 423, 133‑140 (1976).
Sherman, W.V., Slifkin, M.A. and Caplan, S.R. Kinetic studies of phototransients in bacteriorhodopsin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 423, 238‑248 (1976).
Sherman, W.V., Korenstein, R. and Caplan, S.R. Energetics and chronology of phototransients in the light response of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 430, 454‑458 (1976).
Bakker, E.P., Rottenberg, H. and Caplan, S.R. An estimation of the light-induced electrochemical potential difference of protons across the membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 440, 557‑572 (1976).
Korenstein, R., Sherman, W.V. and Caplan, S.R. Kinetic isotope effects in the photochemical cycle of bacteriorhodopsin. Biophys. Struct. Mechan. 2, 267‑276 (1976).
Lahav, J., Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. The thermodynamic degree of coupling between metabolism and sodium transport in frog skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 448, 389‑392 (1976).
Eisenbach, M., Bakker, E.P., Korenstein, R. and Caplan, S.R. Bacteriorhodopsin: Biphasic kinetics of phototransients and of light-induced proton transfer by sub-bacterial Halobacterium halobium particles and by reconstituted liposomes. FEBS Letts. 71, 228‑232 (1976).
Eisenbach, M., Cooper, S., Garty, H., Johnstone, R.M., Rottenberg, H. and Caplan, S.R. Light-driven sodium transport in sub-bacterial particles of Halobacterium halobium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 465, 599‑613 (1977).
Garty, H. and Caplan, S.R. Light-dependent rubidium transport in intact Halobacterium halobium cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 459,532‑545 (1977).
Lang, M.A., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Sodium transport and oxygen consumption in toad bladder: A thermodynamic approach. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 464, 571‑582 (1977).
Lang, M.A., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Thermodynamic analysis of active sodium transport and oxidative metabolism in the toad urinary bladder. J. Memb. Biol. 31, 19‑29 (1977).
Ogan, K., Essig, A., Beach, K.W. and Caplan, S.R. Rapid-scan spectrophotometer for the study of turbid systems. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 142-147 (1977).
Sherman, W.V. and Caplan, S.R. Chromophore mobility in bacteriorhodopsin. Nature 265, 273‑274 (1977).
Danon, A., Brith-Lindner, M. and Caplan, S.R. Biogenesis of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Biophys. Struct. Mechan. 3, 1‑17 (1977).
Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. CO2 fixation by Halobacterium halobium. FEBS Letts. 74, 255‑258 (1977).
Eisenbach, M., Weissmann, C., Tanny, G. and Caplan, S.R. Bacteriorhodopsin-loaded charged synthetic membranes: Utilization of light energy to generate electrical current. FEBS Letts. 81, 77‑80 (1977).
Garty, H., Klemperer, G., Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. The direction of light-induced pH changes in purple membrane suspensions: Influence of pH and temperature. FEBS Letts. 81, 238‑242 (1977).
Sherman, W.V. and Caplan, S.R. Influence of membrane lipids on the photochemistry of bacteriorhodopsin in the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 502, 222‑231 (1978).
Cahen, D., Garty, H. and Caplan, S.R. Spectroscopy and energetics of the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium. FEBS Letts. 91, 131‑134 (1978).
Bakker, E.P. and Caplan, S.R. Phospholipid substitution of the purple membrane: The stoichiometry of light-induced proton release by phospholipid-substituted purple membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 503, 362‑379 (1978).
Eisenbach, M., Garty, H., Bakker, E.P., Klemperer, G., Rottenberg, H. and Caplan, S.R. Kinetic analysis of light-induced pH changes in bacteriorhodopsin-containing particles from Halobacterium halobium. Biochemistry 17, 4691‑4698 (1978).
Rosenheck, K., Brith-Lindner, M., Lindner, P., Zakaria, A. and Caplan, S.R. Proteolysis and flash photolysis of bacteriorhodopsin in purple membrane fragments. Biophys. Struct. Mechan. 4, 301‑313 (1978).
Garty, H., Eisenbach, M., Shuldman, R. and Caplan, S.R. Light-induced pH changes in sub-bacterial particles of Halobacterium halobium: Effects of ionophores. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 545, 365‑375 (1979).
Lang, M.A., Rosenthal, S.J., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Measurement of oxygen consumption in voltage-clamped epithelia. Am. J. Physiol. 236, F206-F209 (1979).
Eisenbach, M., Caplan, S.R. and Tanny, G. Interaction of purple membrane with solvents: I. Applicability of solubility parameter mapping. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 554, 269‑280 (1979).
Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. Interaction of purple membrane with solvents: II. Mode of interaction. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 554, 281‑292 (1979).
Slifkin, M.A., Garty, H., Sherman, M.V. and Caplan, S.R. Modulation excitation spectrophotometry of bacteriorhodopsin. Int. J. Biological Macromolecules 1, 61‑64 (1979).
Corcia, A., Lahav, J. and Caplan, S.R. Effect of ouabain on electrical conductance of frog skin: Evidence against recycling of sodium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 596, 264‑271 (1980).
Degani, H., Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. Proton and carbon‑13 NMR studies of the polar lipids of Halobacterium halobium. Biochemistry 19, 1626‑1631 (1980).
Ayalon, A., Corcia, A. and Caplan, S.R. Furosemide reduces gastric acid secretion. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 16, 625‑627 (1980).
Ayalon, A., Corcia, A., Klemperer, G. and Caplan, S.R. Suppression of gastric acid secretion by furosemide in isolated gastric mucosa of guinea pig. Am. J. Physiol. 239, G532-G535 (1980).
Garty, H., Cahen, D. and Caplan, S.R. Photoacoustic calorimetry of Halobacterium halobium photocycle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 97, 200‑206 (1980).
Garty, H., Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. Preparation and characterization of inverted cell envelopes of Halobacterium halobium. Eur. J. Biochem. 111, 411‑418 (1980).
Lobel, E. and Caplan, S.R. Unstirred-layer controlled transport of organic bases and drugs through solvent-type membranes and the influence of bound enzymes: I. Theoretical. J. Memb. Science. 6, 203‑220 (1980).
Lobel, E. and Caplan, S.R. Unstirred-layer controlled transport of organic bases and drugs through solvent-type membranes and the influence of bound enzymes: II. Experimental. J. Memb. Science. 6, 221‑234 (1980).
Oren, R., Weiss, S., Garty, H., Caplan, S.R. and Gromet-Elhanan, Z. ATP synthesis catalyzed by the ATPase complex from Rhodospirillum rubrum reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles together with bacteriorhodopsin. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 205, 503‑509 (1980).
Singh, K., Korenstein, R., Lebedeva, H. and Caplan, S.R. Photoelectric conversion by bacteriorhodopsin in charged synthetic membranes. Biophys. J. 31, 393‑402 (1980).
Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. Active transport: Conditions for linearity and symmetry far from equilibrium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 1647‑1651 (1981).
Caplan, S.R. Reciprocity or near-reciprocity of highly-coupled enzymatic processes at the multidimensional inflection point. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 4314‑4318 (1981).
Garty,H., Caplan, S.R. and Cahen, D. Photoacoustic photocalorimetry and spectroscopy of Halobacterium halobium purple membranes. Biophys. J. 37, 405‑415 (1982).
Caplan, S.R., and Zeilberger, D. T.L. Hill's graphical method for solving linear equations. Advances Appl. Math. 3, 377‑383 (1982).
Corcia, A. and Caplan, S.R. Effect of furosemide on the electrical parameters of frog skin. Am. J. Physiol. 243, F581-F587 (1982).
Corcia, A. and Caplan, S.R. Effect of furosemide on the thermodynamic parameters of frog skin. Am. J. Physiol. 243, F588-F592 (1982).
Klausner, R.D., Berman, M., Blumenthal, R., Weinstein, J.N., and Caplan, S.R. Compartmental analysis of light induced proton movement in reconstituted bacteriorhodopsin vesicles. Biochemistry 21, 3643‑3650 (1982).
Klemperer, G., Lelchuk, S. and Caplan, S.R. Na+-coupled Cl- transport in the gastric mucosa of the guinea pig. J. Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 15, 121-134 (1983).
Stucki, J.W., Compiani, M. and Caplan, S.R. Efficiency of energy conversion in model biological pumps: Optimization by linear nonequilibrium thermodynamic relations. Biophysical Chemistry 18, 101‑109 (1983).
Caplan, S.R. and G. Fischer. Photovoltaic behavior of bacteriorhodopsin-loaded cation-exchange membranes. J. Membrane Sci. 16, 391‑405 (1983).
Cooper, S., Michaeli, I. and Caplan, S.R. Characterization of sodium and proton flows in sub-bacterial particles of Halobacterium halobium in terms of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 736, 11‑27 (1983).
LeGrange, J., Caplan, S.R., and Cahen, D. Simulations of frequency-dependent photoacoustic magnitude signals and their implications for bacteriorhodopsin photocycle energetics. Biophys. Chem. 20, 249‑259 (1984).
Bunow, B. and Caplan, S.R. Determination of the distribution of catalyst activity across a permeable membrane containing an immobilized enzyme. Indeterminacy of a functional approach to a structural problem. Biophys. J. 45, 1065‑1071 (1984).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Flow-force relationships for a six-state proton pump model: Intrinsic uncoupling, kinetic equivalence of input and output forces, and domain of approximate linearity. Biochemistry 24, 5764‑5776 (1985).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Further comments on the logic of the application of uncoupler-inhibitor titrations for the elucidation of the mechanisms of energy coupling. FEBS Lett. 192, 119‑122 (1985).
Peusner, L., Mikulecky, D.C., Bunow, B. and Caplan, S.R. A network thermodynamic approach to Hill and King-Altman reaction-diffusion kinetics. J. Chem. Phys. 83, 5559‑5566 (1985).
Pietrobon, D., Zoratti, M., Azzone, G.F. and Caplan, S.R. Intrinsic uncoupling of mitochondrial proton pumps. II. Modelling studies. Biochemistry 25,767-775 (1986).
Walz, D. and Caplan, S.R. The thermostatics and thermodynamics of cotransport revisited: a restatement of the Zeroth Law. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 859, 151‑164 (1986).
Slifkin, M.A., Bakarudin, I. and Caplan, S.R. Photoacoustic spectroscopy of purple membrane fragments. Evidence for disorder during photocycle. Biophys. Chem. 24, 169‑171 (1986).
Slifkin, M.A., Bakarudin, I., Corda, D. and Caplan, S.R. Chemical relaxation in dark- and light-adapted bacteriorhodopsin subjected to irradiation with modulated heat. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 883, 169‑171 (1986).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Double-inhibitor and uncoupler-inhibitor titrations. 1. Analysis with a linear model of chemiosmotic energy coupling. Biochemistry 25, 7682‑7690 (1986).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Double-inhibitor and uncoupler-inhibitor titrations. 2. Analysis with a nonlinear model of chemiosmotic energy coupling. Biochemistry 25, 7690‑7696 (1986).
Walz, D. and Caplan, S.R. The consequences of detailed balance in a model for sensory adaptation based on ligand-induced receptor modification. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 6152‑6156 (1987).
Bach, D., Vinkler, C., Miller, I. and Caplan, S.R. Interaction of furosemide with model membranes. J. Membrane Biol., 101, 103‑111 (1988).
Walz, D. and Caplan, S.R. Energy coupling and thermokinetic balancing in enzyme kinetics: microscopic reversibility and detailed balance revisited. Cell Biophysics 12, 13‑28 (1988).
Slifkin, M.A., Bakarudin, I., Bradley, S. and Caplan, S.R. Light induced conductivity changes of purple membrane suspensions in strong electrolytes. J. Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 20, 585‑602 (1988).
Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. Water movement: does the thermodynamic interpretation distort reality? Am. J. Physiol. 256, C694-C698 (1989).
Meister, M., Caplan, S.R. and Berg, H.C. Dynamics of a tightly-coupled mechanism for flagellar rotation. Biophys. J. 55, 905‑914 (1989).
Eisenbach, M., Wolf, A., Welch, M., Caplan, S.R., Lapidus, I.R., Macnab, R.M., Aloni, H., and Asher, O. Pausing, switching, and speed fluctuation of the bacterial flagellar motor and their relation to motility and chemotaxis. J. Mol. Biol. 211, 551‑563 (1990).
Walz, D. and Caplan, S.R. The electrochemical potential revisited. Bioelectrochem. and Bioenergetics 28, 5-30 (1992). [Section of J. Electroanal. Chem. 343 (1992).]
Raif-Preminger, M., Caplan, S.R., and Yuli, I. Temporal segregation in signalling: a novel mechanism in human neutrophils. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1265, 49-54 (1995).
Welch, M., Margolin, Y., Caplan, S.R., and Eisenbach, M. Rotational asymmetry of Escherichia coli flagellar motor in the presence of arsenate. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1268, 81‑87 (1995).
COMMUNICATIONS
Caplan, S.R. and Young, M.A. Fractionation of polymers by paper chromatography. In: Schulman, J.H. (ed.) "Electrical Phenomena and Solid/Liquid Interface" (Proceedings of the IInd International Congress on Surface Activity), Vol. III, Butterworths, London, pp. 516‑523 (1957).
Caplan, S.R. Contribution to the discussion, International High-Polymer Conference, Nottingham, 1958. J. Polymer Sci. 34, 415‑416 (1959).
Caplan, S.R. A thermodynamic formulation of the problem of self-adaptive control in energy conversion devices. Proceedings of the 22nd National Electronics Conference, 22, 579‑583 (1966).
Caplan, S.R. Contribution to the discussion. In: Hammond, P.H. (ed.) "Theory of Self-Adaptive Control Systems" (Proceedings of the 2nd Int. Fed. Automatic Control Symposium, Teddington, 1965), Inst. Soc. America, Plenum Press, New York, p. 87 (1966).
Weinstein, J.N., Bunow, B., Yanowitz, I. and Caplan, S.R. Water transport in charge-mosaic resin membranes. Polymer Preprints 9, 1564‑1570 (1968).
Caplan, S.R. Comments from S.R. Caplan. Biophys. J. 8, 1197 (1968).
Moore, M.R. and Caplan, S.R. A membrane technique for determining salt activities in the presence of non-electrolytes or complexing agents. Org. Coatings and Plastics Chem. Preprints 30, 226‑229 (1970).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Ion pumps. Trends in Biochemical Sciences3, N138 (1978).
Essig, A., Wolff, D., Rosenthal, S., Lang, M.A., King, J.G. and Caplan, S.R. Metabolic cost of sodium transport and the degree of coupling of transport and metabolism in toad urinary bladder. J. Memb. Biol. 41, 189‑192 (1978).
Caplan, S.R. Interventions. In: Lefever, R. and Goldbeter, A. (eds.) "Molecular Movements and Chemical Reactivity as Conditioned by Membranes, Enzymes and Other Macromolecules", Advances in Chemical Physics, Vol. XXXIX, Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp.36‑40, 102, 105, 166, 218, 239, 241, 318, 326, 328‑333 (1978).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Ion and water transport. TIBS 4, N276 (1979).
Corcia, A., Eisenbach, M., Wilchek, M. and Caplan, S.R. Increased difference in surface charge for improving the electrical orientation of gel-entrapped purple-membrane fragments. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 15, 110 (1979).
Caplan, S.R. Thermodynamics of active proton transport. EBEC Reports 1, 249‑250 (1980).
Caplan, S.R. Reply to Chapman's letter: Cautionary remarks about the use of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. J. Gen. Physiol., 80, 479‑482 (1982).
LeGrange, J., Cahen, D. and Caplan, S.R. Photoacoustic calorimetry of purple membrane. Biophys. J. 37, 4‑6 (1982).
Caplan, S.R. Piece-wise linear approximations in coupled systems. EBEC Reports 2, 265‑266 (1982).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of a proton pump model using the Hill diagram method. EBEC Reports 3, 259‑260 (1984).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. A nonlinear kinetic model of chemiosmotic energy coupling: computer simulations and experiments. EBEC Reports 4, 329 (1986).
Pietrobon, D., Azzone, G.F., Caplan, S.R., Luvisetto, S., Petronilli, V. and Zoratti, M. Delocalized vs localized chemiosmosis: experiments and modeling. EBEC Reports 5, 10 (1988).
REVIEWS
Caplan, S.R. Modern definitions of the terms acid and base. S.A. Indust. Chem. 2, 237‑238 (1948).
Caplan, S.R. Electrochromatography. In: Hampel, C.A. (ed.) "The Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry", Reinhold, New York, pp. 400‑403 (1964).
Caplan, S.R. and Mikulecky, D.C. Transport processes in membranes. In: Marinsky, J.A. (ed.) "Ion Exchange", Vol. I, Marcel-Dekker, Inc., New York, pp. 1‑64 (1966).
Rottenberg, H., Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. A thermodynamic appraisal of oxidative phosphorylation with special reference to ion transport by mitochondria. In: Bittar, E.E. (ed.) "Membranes and Ion Transport", Vol. I, John Wiley and Sons, London, pp. 165‑191 (1970).
Caplan, S.R. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and its application to bioenergetics. In: Sanadi, D.R. (ed.) "Current Topics in Bioenergetics", Vol. IV, Academic Press, New York, pp. 1‑79 (1971).
Thomas, D. and Caplan, S.R. Enzyme membranes. In: Meares, P. (ed.) "Membrane Separation Processes", Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 351‑397 (1976).
Caplan, S.R. Biothermodynamics. In: Sanadi, D.R. (ed.) "Chemical Mechanisms in Bioenergetics", ACS Monograph 172, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., pp. 1‑37 (1976).
Goldbeter, A. and Caplan, S.R. Oscillatory enzymes. In: Mullins, L.J. (ed.) "Annual Reviews of Biophysics and Bioengineering", Vol. V, Annual Reviews, Inc., Palo Alto, pp. 449‑476 (1976).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. A thermodynamic treatment of active sodium transport. In: Bronner, F. and Kleinzeller, A. (eds.) "Current Topics in Membranes and Transport", Vol. IX, Academic Press, New York, pp. 145‑175 (1977).
Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. Light-induced ion transport in Halobacterium halobium. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2, 245‑247 (1977).
Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. The use of linear nonequilibriumthermodynamics in the study of renal physiology. Am. J. Physiol. 236, F211-F219 (1979).
Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. The light-driven proton pump of Halobacterium halobium: Mechanism and function. In: Bronner, F. and Kleinzeller, A. (eds.) "Current Topics in Membranes and Transport", Vol. XII, Academic Press, New York, pp. 165‑248 (1979).
Singh, K. and Caplan, S.R. The purple membrane and solar energy conversion. TIBS 5, 62‑64 (1980).
Bakker, E.P. and Caplan, S.R. Phospholipid substitution of the purple membrane. In: Colowick, S.P. and Kaplan, N.O. (eds.-in-chief) "Methods in Enzymology" Vol. 88, Packer, L. (ed.) "Biomembranes (Part I: Visual Pigments and Purple Membranes, II)", Academic Press, New York, pp. 26‑30 (1982).
Caplan, S.R. and Pietrobon, D. Theoretical analysis of double-titration experiments. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 895, 241‑258 (1987). (Submitted and published in 1988).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. Use of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in the analysis of transport: General flow-force relationships and the linear domain. In: Abelson, J.N. and Simon, M.I. (eds.-in-chief) "Methods in Enzymology" Vol. 171, Fleischer, S. and Fleischer, B. (eds.) "Biomembranes (Part R: Transport Theory: Cells and Model Membranes)", Academic Press, New York, pp. 397‑444 (1989).
Caplan, S.R. and Kara-Ivanov, M. The Bacterial Flagellar Motor. In: Jeon, K.W. and Jarvik, J. (eds.) "International Review of Cytology: A Survey of Cell Biology" Vol. 147, Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 97-164 (1993).
Walz, D. and Caplan, S.R. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics. In: Caplan, S.R., Miller, I.R., and Milazzo, G. (eds.) "Bioelectrochemistry: Principles and Practice, Vol. 1. Bioelectrochemistry: General Introduction", Birkhהuser Verlag, Basel, pp. 1-48 (1995).
Walz, D., Caplan, S.R., Scriven, D.R.L., and Mikulecky, D.C. Methods of mathematical modelling. In: Caplan, S.R., Miller, I.R., and Milazzo, G. (eds.) "Bioelectrochemistry: Principles and Practice, Vol. 1. Bioelectrochemistry: General Introduction", Birkhהuser Verlag, Basel, pp. 49-131 (1995).
Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. Bacterial chemotaxis: Unsolved mystery of the flagellar switch. Current Biology 8, R444‑R446 (1998).
Caplan, S.R. and Johnstone, R.M. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics of the multidrug transporter. In: Raffa, R.B. (ed.) "Drug-Receptor Thermodynamics: Introduction and Applications", Wiley, N.Y., pp. 701-740, (2001).
INVITED AND PUBLISHED LECTURES
Caplan, S.R. Chromatographic fractionation. Royal Inst. of Chemistry Lectures, Monographs and Reports 5, 16‑25 (1956).
Caplan, S.R. Enzyme membranes and active transport models. In: Saravis, C., Gershengorn, K. and Brown, M.E. (eds.) "Proceedings of the Conference on Natural and Synthetic Membranes", Boston, 1967, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Bethesda, pp. 300‑314 (1967).
DeSimone, J.A. and Caplan, S.R. Simultaneous mass transfer and chemical reaction: The form of the dissipation function for membranes between regions of different reaction affinities. In: Shrier, A.L. and Kaufman, T.G. (eds.) "Mass Transfer in Biological Systems", Chem. Eng. Progr. Symp. Series 66, 43‑46 (1970).
Caplan, S.R. Transport phenomena in natural and synthetic membranes. In: Bier, M. (ed.) "Membrane Processes in Industry and Biomedicine", Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1‑21 (1971).
Essig, A. and Caplan, S.R. Nonequilibrium thermodynamic analysis of ion transport and membrane metabolism. In: Milazzo, G., Jones, P.E. and Rampazzo, L. (eds.) "Biological Aspects of Electrochemistry", Experientia Supplementum 18, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel and Stuttgart, pp. 281‑288 (1971).
Caplan, S.R. The energetics of epithelial ion transport and muscular contraction: A nonequilibrium thermodynamic approach. In: Broda, E., Locker, A. and Springer-Lederer, H. (eds.) "Proc. First European Biophysics Congress", Vol. IV, Verlag der Wiener Medizinischen Akademie, Vienna, pp. 177‑181 (1971).
Caplan, S.R. A thermodynamic and kinetic approach to the study of biological models, with particular reference to membranes containing immobilized enzyme. Biochimie 55, 967‑973 (1973); Errata 55, 1182 (1973).
Caplan, S.R. The fundamental nonequilibrium thermodynamics of mosaic membranes. Quaderni dell'Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque 10, 7‑21 (1973).
Caplan, S.R. Charge-mosaics: Permeability, negative osmosis, and piezodialysis. Quaderni dell'Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque 10, 23‑48 (1973).
Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. Photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation in Halobacterium halobium. In: Avron, M. (ed.) "Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Photosynthesis", Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 2163‑2170 (1974).
Caplan, S.R. Charged membrane arrays: Mosaics and stacks. In: Selegny, E. (ed.) "Charged and Reactive Polymers: Charged Gels and Membranes, II", Vol. 4, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, pp. 89‑104 (1976).
Hardt, S., Naparstek, A., Segel, L.A. and Caplan, S.R. Spatio-temporal structure formation and signal propagation in a homogeneous enzymatic membrane. In: Thomas, D. and Kernevez, J.-P. (eds.) "Analysis and Control of Immobilized Enzyme Systems", North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 9‑15 (1976).
Caplan, S.R. and Naparstek, A. An enzyme membrane oscillator. In: Lawrence, J.H., Gofman, J.W., Hayes, T.L. and Mel, H.C. (eds.) "Advances in Biological and Medical Physics", Vol. XVI, Academic Press, New York, pp. 177‑185 (1977).
Simon, S., Bloch, R. and Caplan, S.R. Effectiveness of enzyme-membrane filtration reactors. In: Bohak, Z. and Sharon, N. (eds.) "The Biotechnological Applications of Proteins and Enzymes", Academic Press, New York, pp. 169-181 (1977).
Danon, A. and Caplan, S.R. Light-dependent CO2 fixation in anaerobic Halobacterium halobium. In: Packer, L., Papageorgiou, G.C. and Trebst, A. (eds.) "Bioenergetics of Membranes: Developments in Bioenergetics and Biomembranes", Vol. I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.115‑118 (1977).
Caplan, S.R., Eisenbach, M., Cooper, S., Garty, H., Klemperer, G. and Bakker, E.P. Light-driven proton and sodium ion transport in bacteriorhodopsin-containing particles. In: Packer, L., Papageorgiou, G.C. and Trebst, A. (eds.) "Bioenergetics of Membranes: Developments in Bioenergetics and Biomembranes", Vol. I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 101‑114 (1977).
Eisenbach, M., Garty, H., Klemperer, G., Weissmann, C., Tanny, G. and Caplan, S.R. Light-induced pH changes in purple membrane fragments of Halobacterium halobium. In: Packer, L., Papageorgiou, G.C. and Trebst, A. (eds.) "Bioenergetics of Membranes: Developments in Bioenergetics and Biomembranes", Vol. I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 119‑128 (1977).
Bunow, B. and Caplan, S.R. Chemical reactions and membranes: A macroscopic basis for active transport. In: Przystalski, S., Kuczera, J. and Idzior, J. (eds.) "Biophysics of Membrane Transport", Vol. I, The Agricultural University of Wroclaw, Poland, pp. 1‑30 (1977).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and active sodium transport in Anuran epithelia. In: Hoffman, J.F. (ed.) "Membrane Transport Processes", Vol. I, Raven Press, New York, pp. 243‑256 (1978).
Caplan, S.R., Eisenbach, M. and Garty, H. Processes involved in light-induced pH changes in bacteriorhodopsin-containing particles. In: Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms: Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol. I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 49‑61 (1978).
Slifkin, M.A., Garty, H. and Caplan, S.R. Modulation-excitation methods in the study of bacteriorhodopsin. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 165‑181 (1978).
Cooper, S., Michaeli, I. and Caplan, S.R. Proton and sodium flows in sub-bacterial particles of H. halobium. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 201‑208 (1978).
Cooper, S., Caplan, S.R. and Michaeli, I. Absorption and transport of Na &D+ &U-ions in sub-bacterial particles of H. halobium. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.209‑215 (1978).
Danon, A., Degani, H. and Caplan, S.R. The effect of the purple membrane of H. halobium on the osmotic fragility and water permeability of the cells. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.217‑224 (1978).
Degani, H., Bach, D., Danon, A., Garty, H., Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. Phase transition of the lipids of Halobacterium halobium. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.225‑232 (1978).
Eisenbach, M., Kuppermann, B., Fleischer, N., Robinson, T., Caplan, S.R. and Tanny, G. Purple membrane in solvents : Solubility parameter mapping. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.239‑252 (1978).
Garty, H., Cahen, D. and Caplan, S.R. Use of photoacoustic spectroscopy in the study of the bioenergetics of purple membranes. In: Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.253‑259 (1978).
Garty, H., Eisenbach, M., Shuldman, R. and Caplan, S.R. Effects of ionophores on light-induced pH changes in sub-bacterial particles of Halobacterium halobium. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 261‑267 (1978).
Garty, H., Fluhr, R., Eisenbach, M. and Caplan, S.R. Effects of Triton-X detergents on purple-membrane fragments. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.269‑276 (1978).
Klemperer, G., Eisenbach, M., Garty, H. and Caplan, S.R. The effect of salt on the light-induced pH changes in purple membrane from Halobacterium halobium. In : Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.291‑296 (1978).
Bakker, E.P., Eisenbach, M., Garty, H., Pasternak, C. and Caplan, S.R. Bacteriorhodopsin : Lipid environment and conformational changes. In : Oxender, D. and Fox, C.F. (eds.) "Molecular Aspects of Membrane Transport", Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 553‑565 (1978).
Singh, K., Lebedeva, H. and Caplan, S.R. Purple membrane for conversion of light into electric current. Faraday Discussion 70, 375‑382 (1980).
Caplan, S.R. The coupling between transport and metabolism : Thermodynamic aspects. In: Salanki, J. (ed.) "Advances in Physiological Sciences, Vol. 3: Physiology of Non-Excitable Cells", Pergamon Press, Oxford, and Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 187‑195 (1981).
Cahen, D., Bults, G., Caplan, S.R., Garty, H. and Malkin, S. Photoacoustic methods applied to biological systems. In: Helene, C., Charlier, M., Montenay-Garestier, Th., and Laustriat, G. (eds.) "Trends in Photobiology" Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Photobiology, Strasbourg, 1980), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 21‑32 (1982).
Caplan, S.R. Efficiency of energy transduction by bacteriorhodopsin : An approach using the Hill diagram method. In : Oosawa, F. (ed.) "Dynamic Aspects of Biopolyelectrolytes and Biomembranes", Kodansha, Tokyo, pp. 431‑441 (1982).
Caplan, S.R. Transport and metabolism: Regimes of linearity. In: Oplatka, A. and Balaban, M. (eds.) "Biological Structures and Coupled Flows", Academic Press, New York, pp. 79‑90 (1983).
Caplan, S.R. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of transport. In: Milazzo, G. and Blank, M. (eds.) "Bioelectrochemistry II", Plenum Press, New York, pp. 167‑183 (1987).
Caplan, S.R. Active ion transport through biomembranes. In: Milazzo, G. and Blank, M. (eds.) "Bioelectrochemistry II", Plenum Press, New York, pp. 219‑239 (1987).
Caplan, S.R. Thermodynamics of coupling mechanisms. In: Milazzo, G. and Blank, M. (eds.) "Bioelectrochemistry II", Plenum Press, New York, pp. 257-273 (1987).
Pietrobon, D. and Caplan, S.R. A kinetic model of chemiosmotic energ coupling: Analysis of double inhibitor titration experiments. In: Ozawa, T. and Papa, S. (eds.) "Bioenergetics: Structure and Function of Energy Transducing Systems", Japan Sci. Soc. Press, Tokyo/Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 171‑184 (1987).
Caplan, S.R. The contribution of intrinsic uncoupling ("slip") to the regulation of ion pumps, in particular bacteriorhodopsin. In: Stein, W.D. (ed.) "The Ion Pumps: Structure, Function, and Regulation," Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 377‑386 (1988).
Caplan, S.R. Thermodynamic appraisal of the coupling mechanism. In: Quagliariello, E., Papa, S., Palmieri, F., and Saccone, C. (eds.) "Structure, Function and Biogenesis of Energy Transfer Systems", Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3‑6 (1990).
Caplan, S.R. Dynamics of the bacterial flagellar motor. In: Westerhoff, H.V. (ed.) "Biothermokinetics", Intercept Ltd., Andover (U.K.), pp. 187-190 (1994).
Caplan, S.R. and Walz, D. The bacterial flagellar motor: a brief review of models, and a new electrostatic model. In: Bersani, F. (ed.) "Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine", Plenum, N.Y., pp. 251-254 (1999).
PATENTS
Caplan, S.R., Morgan, T.D., Wiechers, S.G. and Rivett, D.E.A. Methods for the preparation of permselective cation-exchange membranes and applications of the membranes to electrical processes. S.A.Pat.No.23396/56 (1956).
Bloch, R., Caplan, S.R. and Simon, S. A method for the performance of enzymatic reactions using crosslinked microporous enzyme membranes. Israeli Pat.No.46178, December 3 (1974).
PUBLISHED REPORTS
Caplan, S.R. Coupling phenomena in synthetic membranes. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of Saline Water R&D Progress Report No.413 (1969).
Dean, R.C., Albers, R.W., Caplan, S.R., Epstein, E. and Katzman, R. Biological aspects of the saline water problem. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of Saline Water R&D Progress Report No.513 (1970).
BOOK REVIEWS
Caplan, S.R. Thermodynamics. (A review of Morowitz, H.J., "Entropy for Biologists", Academic Press, New York, 1970.) Science 172, 1123‑1124 (1971).
Caplan, S.R. Biological transport. (A review of Heinz, E., "Mechanics and Energetics of Biological Transport", Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1978.) Nature 280, 429‑430 (1979).
Caplan, S.R. Exergetics. (A review of Spiegler, K.S., "Principles of Energetics", Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983.) J. Membrane Sci. 20, 341‑343 (1984). Bioelectrochem. and Bioenergetics, 13, 241‑243 (1984).
Caplan, S.R. Temporal order. (A review of Rensing, L. and Jaeger, N.I., eds., "Temporal Order. Proceedings of a Symposium on Oscillations in Heterogeneous Chemical and Biological Systems", Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1985.) Bioelectrochem. and Bioenergetics 16, 569‑570 (1986).
Caplan, S.R. Of barriers and carriers. (A review of Friedman, M.H., "Principles and Models of Biological Transport", Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.) Nature 326, 255 (1987).
Caplan, S.R. Theoretical reality. (A review of Finkelstein, A., "Water Movement Through Lipid Bilayers, Pores, and Plasma Membranes: Theory and Reality. Vol. 4, Distinguished Lecture Series of the Society of General Physiologists", Wiley, New York, 1987.) Nature 329, 400 (1987).
Caplan, S.R. Pandora's black box: "mosaic" thermodynamics. (A review of Westerhoff, H.V. and van Dam, K., "Thermodynamics and Control of Biological Free-energy Transduction", Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1987.) Nature 335, 507‑508 (1988).
COMMEMORATIVE PREFACE
Caplan, S.R. Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky, 1913‑1972. In : Bronner, F. and Kleinzeller, A. (eds.) "Current Topics in Membranes and Transport", Vol. IV, Academic Press, New York, pp.xiv-xxii (1973).
BOOKS
Caplan, S.R. and Ginzburg, M. (eds.) "Energetics and Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms : Developments in Halophilic Microorganisms", Vol.I, Elsevier/North-Holland, Amsterdam, 672 pp. (1978).
Caplan, S.R. and Essig, A. "Bioenergetics and Linear Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics: The Steady State", Harvard Books in Biophysics, 3, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. and London, 448 pp. (1983). Russian edition: Mir Publishers, Moscow (1987).
Caplan, S.R., Miller, I.R., and Milazzo, G. (eds.) “Bioelectrochemistry: General Introduction, Vol. 1,” Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel (1995).