Fast confocal imaging of changes of calcium in dendritic spines

Line scan of changes in intracellular calcium in an individual dendritic spine following flash photolysis of caged calcium near dendritic spine head (red dot on the left). A line is scanned at a rate of ca. 1msec per line, from left to right, between spine head and parent dendrite, and intracellular calcium is raised momentarily (bottom left side), showing a rise in calcium (green fluorescence). This rise is spread from the point source of origin, throughout the dendritic spine, and into the parent dendrite. (For further details, see 291)