Colloquia
Date:
09
May, 2024
Thursday
Hour:
11:15-12:30
Physics colloquium
Synergistic progress in plasmas:
from fusion to astrophysics
Synergistic progress in plasmas:
from fusion to astrophysics
Prof. Julien Fuchs | Laboratoire pour l’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses,
CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, France
Department of Physics of Complex Systems
Refreshments at 11:00
Over the last decade, several exciting directions have been initiated by laser-driven plasmas,
e.g., compact particle accelerators, inertial fusion and laboratory astrophysics. The first has
known rapid progress, in terms of current, energy, stability; fusion has gone through a historic
step, with the news of ignition being achieved at NIF in 2022; and laboratory astrophysics has
known also spectacular developments, demonstrating the possibility to perform fully scalable
experiments relevant to various objects such as forming stars and supernovae. A particularly
interesting aspect is that all these fields are strongly synergistic, i.e., that advances in one can
push the others as well. I will present examples of such synergies, through recent results
we have obtained in all these domains, and in particular how ultra-bright neutron beams
can be developed using latest generation multi-PW lasers [1,2]. These could open interesting
perspectives in terms of cargo inspection, but also for fusion plasma measurements.
I will also show how fusion can benefit from external magnetization [3]. Finally, I will discuss
advances in laboratory astrophysics, particularly the first-stage acceleration of ions leading to
cosmic rays [4,5], understanding the universal nature of collimated outflows in the Universe [6],
and probing the intricacy of 3D magnetic reconnection [7]
[1] High-flux neutron generation by laser-accelerated ions from single-and double-layer targets, V Horný et al.,
Scientific Reports 12 (1), 19767, 2022
[2] Numerical investigation of spallation neutrons generated from petawatt-scale laser-driven proton beams,
B Martinez et al., Matter and Radiation at Extremes 7 (2), 024401, 2022
[3] Dynamics of nanosecond laser pulse propagation and of associated instabilities in a magnetized underdense
plasma, W. Yao et al., https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.06036
[4] Laboratory evidence for proton energization by collisionless shock surfing, W Yao et al.,
Nature Physics 17 (10), 1177-1182, 2021
[5] Enhancement of the Nonresonant Streaming Instability by Particle Collisions, A Marret et al.,
Physical Review Letters 128 (11), 115101, 2022
[6] Laboratory disruption of scaled astrophysical outflows by a misaligned magnetic field, G Revet et al.,
Nature communications 12 (1), 762, 2021
[7] Laboratory evidence of magnetic reconnection hampered in obliquely interacting flux tubes, S Bolaños et al.,
Nature Communications 13 (1), 6426, 2022