לוח שנה משולב

While co-addition and subtraction of astronomical images stand at the heart of observational astronomy,
the existing solutions for them lack rigorous argumentation, are not achieving maximal sensitivity and are often slow.
Moreover, there is no widespread agreement on how they should be done, and often different methods are used for different scientific applications.
I am going to present rigorous solutions to these problems, deriving them from the most basic statistical principles.
These solutions are proved optimal, under well defined and practically acceptable assumptions,
and in many cases improve substantially the performance of the most basic operations in astronomy.
For coaddition, we present a coadd image that under the assumption of spatially uniform noise is:
a) sufficient for any further statistical decision or measurement on the entire data set.
b) improves both survey speed (by 5-20%) and effective spatial resolution of astronomical surveys
c) improves substantially imaging through turbulence applications such as lucky imaging and speckle interferometry
d) much faster than many of the currently used coaddition solutions.

For subtraction, we present a subtraction image that is:
a) Free of subtraction artifacts, hopefully relieving the transient detection pipelines from machine learning algorithms and human scanning.
b) optimal for transient detection under the assumption of spatially uniform noise.
c) sufficient for any further statistical decision including the identification of cosmic rays and other image artifacts.
d) orders of magnitude faster than existing subtraction methods.
e) allows accurate statistical analysis of the resulting subtraction image, allowing exact knowledge of a transients significance.

As you will see, the derivation of these methods requires only structured, basic and predictable statistical tools.
Therefore the same could be easily done for many other problems in observational astronomy

This seminar regards the history of science, and specifically the discoveries of the molecular mechanisms of gene and enzyme regulation by Jacques Monod (1910-1976) and Francois Jacobs (1920-2013).

The physiological adaptation of microorganism to catabolize a given sugar upon its appearance in the growth medium has been noticed in yeast around 1900. Yet it took nearly half a century, and the relentless minds of Jacques Monod, later joined by Francois Jacob, to unravel the molecular mechanisms that underlie this adaption, or induction as it became known. The anxious, agonizing minds of Jacobs and Monod, their obsession with ‘big questions’, combined with experimental ingenuity, led to the textbook paradigms of the Lac operon and gene regulation, and of allosteric enzyme regulation.